FIG 9.
Cytokine secretion by piglet splenocytes stimulated with ConA. Three days postsuckling, spleen cells were isolated (from piglets born to vaccinated or nonvaccinated sows), and 1 × 106 cells/ml were stimulated with 5 μg/ml ConA. Supernatants were collected after 48 h, and concentrations of TNF-α (A), IFN-γ (B), IL-12 (C), IL-6 (D), and IL-8 (E) were determined by ELISA. Results are representative of two independent experiments and expressed as the means from duplicate assays from 7 piglets per group. P values on each graph indicate statistically significant associations. Cultured cells without ConA (Med) were used as a negative control.