FIG 2.

PepO induced increased expression of miR-155 in PEMs. (A) Quantitative PCR analysis was used to determine the expression of miR-155, miR-146a, and miR-27a in PEMs treated with medium, LPS (100 ng/ml), peptidoglycan (PGN) (5 μg/ml), or PepO (1 μg/ml) for 6 h. (B) Cells were incubated with LPS (100 ng/ml), PepO (1 μg/ml), or protease K (PK)-digested LPS or PepO for 6 h, and the expression of miR-155 was measured by quantitative PCR analysis. Protease K was inactivated after treatment. (C to E) The expression of miR-155 in cells stimulated with PepO (1 μg/ml), ΔA146Ply (1 μg/ml), GAPDH (Gap, 1 μg/ml), or MarR (1 μg/ml) for 6 h (C) or with different doses of PepO for 6 h (D) or with PepO (1 μg/ml) for indicated times (E) was evaluated by PCR analysis. The data are shown as the mean ± SD (n = 3). *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ns, not significant.