Table 1. Electrochemical data determined by cyclic voltammetry and square-wave voltammetry.

	E ox [V]	E red [V]	ΔE redox c [V]	d [V]	d [V]
17	+0.39 a	—	—	—	—
18	+0.58 a	—	—	—	—
19	+0.37 a	—	—	—	—
3a b	—	–2.42 b	—	—	—
1	+1.32	–1.73	3.05	≈–1.1	≈+0.7
2	+1.11	–1.89	3.00	≈–1.2	≈+0.4

^aAll of the measurements were performed in room-temperature acetonitrile solution + 0.1 M TBAPF₆. All of the redox potentials are referenced to the ferrocene/ferrocenium couple, which was used as an internal standard.

^bAn irreversible redox process with an estimated error of ±0.05 V.

^cΔE _redox = E _ox – ΔE _red.

^d where E ₀₀ is the energy gap between the ground and excited states determined spectroscopically using the data reported in Fig. S4. Estimated error: ±0.1 V.