Table 1. Measurements from dissected specimen and PCSA and force calculations.
Measurements of mass, volume, pennation angle and fibre length taken from the dissected specimen. Measurements are taken from large muscles attaching to the femur, as well as the large muscles that span the hip and knee. The table lists the PCSA that was calculated for each muscle, as well as the maximal force each muscle is capable of producing. The muscles below the line are biarticular muscles used to estimate the longitudinal force.
| Muscle | Angle (°) | Length (cm) | Volume (mL) | Mass (g) | PCSA (cm2) | Max Force (N) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| m. vasti | 20 | 2.3 | 20.0 | 21.1 | 8.25 | 185.70 |
| m. quadratus femoris | 18 | 3.5 | 7.0 | 7.5 | 1.94 | 43.71 |
| m. adductor | ||||||
| distal part | 0 | 8.9 | 17.0 | 18.2 | 1.94 | 43.63 |
| proximal part | 0 | 5.0 | 13.0 | 13.2 | 2.52 | 56.63 |
| m. gastrocnemius | ||||||
| lateral head | 17 | 1.9 | 4.0 | 4.4 | 2.12 | 47.71 |
| medial head | 12 | 2.7 | 5.5 | 5.7 | 1.98 | 44.45 |
| m. Plantaris (FDL) | 21 | 2.1 | 10.0 | 10.2 | 4.24 | 95.46 |
| m. biceps femoris | 26 | 6.9 | 25.0 | 25.7 | 3.17 | 71.43 |
| m. semitendinosus | 16 | 9.5 | 13.5 | 14.5 | 1.39 | 31.26 |
| m. semimembranosus | 16 | 9.5 | 8.0 | 8.7 | 0.83 | 18.70 |
| m. rectus femoris | 20 | 2.3 | 8.0 | 8.2 | 3.10 | 69.65 |
| m. gracilis | 0 | 5.7 | 5.0 | 5.2 | 0.86 | 19.29 |
| m. sartorius | 0 | 12.0 | 6.0 | 6.3 | 0.50 | 11.15 |
| m. caudofemoralis | ||||||
| superficial head | 40 | 7.1 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 0.48 | 10.86 |
| deep head | 14 | 6.8 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 0.54 | 12.24 |