Fig. 5. Reduction in tether lengths reduces the reach parameter and introduces configurational steric hindrance reducing k_on and ${\mathit{k}}_{\mathbf{cat}}^{\mathbf{*}}\mathbf{(}\mathbf{\text{tethered}}\mathbf{)}$.

(A) SPR traces (black circles) and MPDPDE model fits (red lines) of SHP-1 injected over peptides with 28 (PEG28), 12 (PEG12), 3 (PEG3), and 0 (PEG0) PEG linker repeats. (B) Average fit parameters for PEG28-ITIM (n = 15), PEG12-ITIM (n = 3), PEG3-ITIM (n = 3), and PEG0-ITIM (n = 2) show reduced values of L, k_on, and ${\mathit{k}}_{\text{cat}}^{*}(\text{tethered})$ for shorter linkers. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a Bonferroni multiple comparison correction is used to determine the P values (****P < 0.0001, ***P < 0.001, **P < 0.01, *P < 0.05).