TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics of all patientsa
| Parameter | Value(s) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-cystic fibrosis patients |
Cystic fibrosis patients |
|||||
| PMB (n = 49) |
CMS (n = 145) |
P | PMB (n = 29) |
CMS (n = 191) |
P | |
| Demographics | ||||||
| Age (yrs) | 57 (50–67) | 51 (37–62) | 0.006 | 27 (22–31) | 23 (20–30) | 0.03 |
| Male sex | 31 (63.3%) | 92 (63.5%) | 1.00 | 13 (44.8%) | 82 (42.9%) | 1.00 |
| Caucasian | 48 (98.0%) | 122 (84.1%) | 0.02 | 29 (100.0%) | 191 (100.0%) | |
| CCI | 5 (3–7) | 5 (3–8) | 0.70 | 4 (2–6) | 4 (3–5) | 0.61 |
| Hypertension | 33 (67.4%) | 93 (64.1%) | 0.82 | 15 (51.7%) | 73 (38.2%) | 0.24 |
| Diabetes | 27 (55.1%) | 68 (46.9%) | 0.41 | 20 (69.0%) | 152 (79.6%) | 0.29 |
| ABW (kg) | 83.0 (74.8–99.3) | 80.3 (64.2–99.6) | 0.25 | 55.0 (50.7–59.0) | 51.3 (45.3–56.2) | 0.02 |
| IBW (kg) | 66.1 (57.0–75.3) | 68.4 (54.7–75.3) | 0.73 | 59.3 (50.1–70.7) | 57.0 (49.5–66.1) | 0.32 |
| Site of care | ||||||
| ICU | 19 (38.8%) | 44 (30.3%) | 3 (10.3%) | 8 (4.2%) | ||
| PCU | 10 (20.4%) | 51 (35.2%) | 0.15 | 2 (6.9%) | 14 (7.3%) | 0.33 |
| Acute | 20 (40.8%) | 50 (34.5%) | 24 (82.8%) | 169 (88.5%) | ||
| Clinical baseline | ||||||
| Scr (mg/dl) | 1.3 (0.7–2.3) | 1.1 (0.7–2.0) | 0.33 | 0.8 (0.6–0.9) | 0.7 (0.6–0.8) | 0.01 |
| CrCL (ml/min)b | 63 (27–100) | 74 (37–125) | 0.16 | 135 (114–158) | 158 (128–188) | 0.01 |
| Serum albumin (mg/dl) | 2.1 (1.7–2.6) | 2.3 (1.7–2.8) | 0.27 | 2.8 (2.4–3.1) | 2.9 (2.6–3.2) | 0.34 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 22 (44.9%) | 82 (56.6%) | 0.19 | 2 (6.9%) | 1 (0.5%) | 0.046 |
| Concurrent nephrotoxinsc | ||||||
| Aminoglycosides | 12 (24.5%) | 50 (34.5%) | 0.26 | 12 (41.4%) | 34 (17.8%) | 0.008 |
| Amphotericin B | 1 (2.0%) | 8 (5.5%) | 0.45 | |||
| Vancomycin | 24 (49.0%) | 96 (66.2%) | 0.048 | 10 (34.5%) | 50 (26.2%) | 0.48 |
| Calcineurin inhibitors | 3 (6.1%) | 15 (10.3%) | 0.57 | 9 (31.0%) | 13 (6.8%) | <0.001 |
| Intravenous contrast | 4 (8.2%) | 3 (2.1%) | 0.07 | 1 (3.5%) | 2 (1.1%) | 0.35 |
| Loop diuretics | 21 (42.9%) | 70 (48.3%) | 0.62 | 7 (24.1%) | 19 (10.0%) | 0.06 |
| NSAIDS | 1 (2.04%) | 18 (12.4%) | 0.048 | 3 (10.3%) | 22 (11.5%) | 1.00 |
| Vasopressors | 11 (22.5%) | 41 (28.3%) | 0.54 | 3 (10.3%) | 0 (0%) | 0.002 |
a
Abbreviations: PMB, polymyxin B; CMS, colistimethate sodium; CCI, Charlson comorbidity index; ABW, actual body weight; IBW, ideal body weight; ICU, intensive care unit; PCU, progressive care unit; Scr, serum creatinine; CrCL, creatinine clearance; NSIADs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Values (other than P values) are presented as mean (± standard deviation [SD]), n (%), or median (IQR).
b
Data were calculated using the modified Cockroft-Gault equation: CrCL = [(140 − age in years)/(Scr value)] (× 0.85 for female subjects).
c
Concurrent use is defined as administration within 24 h prior to the first polymyxin dose through the end of polymyxin therapy.