TABLE 5.

Significant differences over time (baseline to 24 mo) between the men and women in the CR group¹

	Men		Women		Male-female difference2
Outcome	Mean	P	Mean	P	Difference	P
Body compartment
Clinic weight,3 kg	−8.33 ± 0.42	<0.001	−7.32 ± 0.29	<0.001	−1.01 ± 0.49	0.04
FFM,4 kg	−3.25 ± 0.32	<0.001	−1.61 ± 0.16	<0.001	−1.64 ± 0.36	<0.001
LBM,4 kg	−3.24 ± 0.33	<0.001	−1.63 ± 0.16	<0.001	−1.61 ± 0.36	<0.001
Trunk fat mass,3 kg	−3.24 ± 0.18	<0.001	−2.81 ± 0.13	<0.001	−0.44 ± 0.20	0.03
Trunk FFM,4 kg	−1.24 ± 0.17	<0.001	−0.62 ± 0.08	<0.001	−0.63 ± 0.18	<0.001
Appendicular FFM,4 kg	−1.34 ± 0.19	<0.001	−0.76 ± 0.08	<0.001	−0.58 ± 0.20	0.004
Body water by 18O dilution,3 %	6.07 ± 0.42	<0.001	4.45 ± 0.24	<0.001	1.63 ± 0.53	0.002
Δ FFM as % of Δ weight5	33.97 ± 5.20	<0.001	23.43 ± 4.88	<0.001	10.54 ± 2.79	<0.001
Δ LBM as % of Δ weight5	33.99 ± 5.30	<0.001	23.69 ± 4.98	<0.001	10.30 ± 2.83	<0.001

¹Values are means ± SEs. Adjusted for baseline covariates, for outcomes for which there is a significant sex main effect or a significant treatment interaction with sex. CR, calorie restriction; FFM, fat-free mass; LBM, lean body mass.

²Least-squares adjusted mean of the male-female difference in the CR group from the repeated-measures analysis adjusted for baseline covariates. A positive value implies that the men gained more (or lost less) than the women. P values were derived from the appropriate model (see Methods).

³Signifies a sex main effect (only), i.e., the between-group difference is the same for men and women. The P value corresponds to that specific effect in the appropriate model.

⁴Indicates a sex × treatment 2-way interaction, i.e., the between-group differential is different for men and women. The P value corresponds to that specific effect in the appropriate model.

⁵Group difference in percentage of FFM:weight-loss ratio calculated by Wilcoxon’s rank-sum test. The P value corresponds to that specific effect in the appropriate model.