Table 5.
Antimicrobial resistance isolates of bacterial isolates from wound swab cultures among inpatients and outpatients attending the University of Gondar Referral Hospital from March to May, 2014.
| Bacteria isolates | Patient settings | Percentage of number of resistance pathogens to antimicrobial agents n (%) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VAN | OXA | PEN | CXC | E | TE | C | CRO | AMP | AML | CN | CIP | SXT | ||
| S. aureus | IP (n = 23) | 0 (0) | 20 (87) | 21 (91.3) | 10 (43.4) | 19 (82.6) | 17 (73.9) | 9 (39.1) | 8 (34.8) | ND | 21 (91.3) | 7 (30.4) | 8 (34.8) | 15 (65.2) |
| OP (n = 16) | 0 (0) | 10 (62.5) | 11 (68.8) | 2 (12.5) | 5 (31.2) | 8 (50) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | ND | 13 (81.2) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| CoNS | IP (n = 11) | 0 | 9 (75) | 10 (83.3) | 7 (63.6) | 7 (63.6) | 8 (72.7) | 6 (54.5) | 7 (63.6) | ND | 10 (90.9) | 3 (27.3) | 3 (27.3) | 7 (63.6) |
| OP (n = 5) | 0 | 3 (25) | 3 (60) | 2 (22.2) | 1 (20) | 2 (40) | 1 (20) | 2 (20) | ND | 3 (60) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| E.coli | IP (n = 3) | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 3 (100) | 0 (0) | 1 (33.3) | 2 (66.7) | ND | 1 (33.3) | 1 (33.3) | 2 (66.7) |
| OP (n = 5) | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 2 (40) | 2 (40) | 0 (0) | 4 (80) | ND | 0 (0) | 2 (40) | 2 (40) | |
| Klebsiella spp. | IP (n = 13) | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 10 (76.9) | 10 (76.9) | 8 (61.5) | 13 (100) | ND | 5 (38.5) | 9 (69.2) | 11 (84.6) |
| OP (n = 4) | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 1 (25) | 2 (50) | 1 (25) | 3 (75) | ND | 0 (0) | 1 (25) | 0 (0) | |
| Citrobacter spp. | IP (n = 13) | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 8 (61.5) | 6 (53.8) | 4 (30.8) | 13 (100) | ND | 6 (60) | 3 (30) | 9 (69.2) |
| OP (n = 2) | 2 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (100) | 4 (40) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |||||||
| Enterobacter spp. | IP (n = 10) | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 8 (80) | 5 (50) | 8 (70) | 12 (100) | ND | 4 (40) | 4 (40) | 6 (85.7) |
| OP (n = 3) | 3 (100) | 1 (33.3) | 0 (0) | 3 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (33.3) | |||||||
| Proteus spp. | IP (n = 4) | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 4 (100) | 2 (50) | 2 (40) | 4 (100) | ND | 1 (25) | 1 (25) | 3 (75) |
| OP (n = 2) | 2 (100) | 1 (50) | 0 (0) | 2 (100) | 1 (50) | 0 (0) | 2 (100) | |||||||
| Others | IP∗ (20) | 1 (5) | 2 (10) | 2 (10) | 2 (10) | 1 (5) | 15 (75) | 12 (60) | 13 (65) | 19 (95) | ND | 13 (65) | 9 (45) | 16 (80) |
| OP∗∗ (2) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (50) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | ||
|
| ||||||||||||||
| Total | IP (97) | 1 (1) | 31 (31.9) | 33 (34) | 19 (19.6) | 27 (27.8) | 73 (75) | 50 (51.5) | 51 (53) | 63 (64.9) | 31 (31.9) | 40 (41) | 38 (39) | 69 (71) |
| OP (39) | 0 (0) | 13 (33.3) | 14 (35.9) | 4 (10.2) | 6 (15.4) | 20 (51) | 7 (17.9) | 3 (7.6) | 14 (35.8) | 26 (66.7) | 6 (15.4) | 3 (7.7) | 5 (12.8) | |
IP = inpatient; OP = outpatient ∗P. aeruginosa, S. arizonae, Serratia spp., Achromobacter spp., Acinetobacter spp., and Enterococcus spp. ∗∗S. pyogenes, VAN: vancomycin, OXA: oxacillin, CXC: cloxacillin, PEN: penicillin E: erythromycin, TE: tetracycline, C: chloramphenicol, CRO: ceftriaxone, AMP: ampicillin, AML: amoxicillin, CN: gentamicin, CIP: ciprofloxacin, SXT: trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, n: number of isolates, CoNS = coagulase negative Staphylococcus. and ND: not done.