Table 2. Physical frailty characteristics of the sample and by level of physical frailty^*.

	Total (n = 49)	Not Physically Frail (n = 25)†	Physically Frail (n = 24)	p value‡	Cohen's d Effect Size [95%CI]
Physical Frailty Measures:
Unintentional weight loss	17 (35%)	6 (24%)	11 (46%)	0.11	0.54 [-0.13, 1.22]
Weakness by handgrip strength (kg)
Women	24.1±9.3	30.6±10.5	20.1±6.0	0.06	1.32 [0.18, 2.42]
Men	41.1±7.8	42.0±8.6	39.8±6.8	0.43	0.27 [-0.42, 0.96]
Weakness by chair stands (s)§	17.6±8.0	14.4±7.1	21.3±7.6	<0.005	0.95 [0.31, 1.57]
Slowness (m/s)§	0.9±0.2	1.1±0.2	0.7±0.2	<0.001	2.15 [1.42, 2.87]
Physical exhaustion (FACIT-F; 0-52)	24.0±10.6	28.4±9.6	19.5±9.8	<0.005	0.92 [0.33, 1.51]
Low physical activity	33 (67%)	12 (48.0)	21 (88%)	<0.01	1.12 [0.25, 2.13]
Duke Activity Status Index (METS; 0-58.2)	5.9±1.6	6.8±1.4	5.1±1.3	<0.001	1.23 [0.62, 1.84]

^*Continuous data are presented as mean ± SD or median [interquartile range]; categorical data as number of patients (percentage of sample)

^†Not physically frail includes both non-frail (n = 1) and pre-frail (n = 24)

^‡p values comparing physical frailty versus not physically frail

^§data only includes those who could successfully complete these assessments (i.e. several could not complete 5-repeat chair stands or gait speed)

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; FACIT-F, Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy Fatigue Scale; METS, metabolic equivalents.