Table 1.
Clinical and outcome data of personal and literature cases.
| Reported cases (n) | 31 |
| Demographic data | |
| Mean age (years ± SD) | 24.6 ± 12.4 |
| Age range (years) | 7–65 |
| Female gender (%) | 55 |
| Prodromal phase | |
| Presence of fever (% of pts) | 100 |
| Interval between fever onset and SE onset (days ± SD) | 6.1 ± 2.5 |
| Altered mental status (% of pts) | 63 |
| Isolated seizures | 27 |
| Acute phase | |
| Seizures’ semiology (% of pts) | |
| Focal motor/s generalization | 90 |
| Complex partial | 14 |
| Myoclonus/e.p.c. | 14 |
| Response to treatments (% of pts) | |
| Responsive SE | 26 |
| Refractory SE | 32 |
| Super-refractory SE | 42 |
| Patients needing ICU (%) | 74 |
| Immuno-modulating therapies (% of pts) | |
| IV steroids | 59 |
| IV Ig | 48 |
| PEX | 11 |
| None | 26 |
| Undetermined | 12.9 |
| Outcomes | |
| Death in acute phase (% of pts) | 7 |
| Death in chronic phase (% of pts) | 4 |
| Chronic epilepsy (% of pts) | 78 |
| Cognitive deficits (% of pts) | 74 |
| Behavioral deficits (% of pts) | 32 |
SE, status epilepticus; pts, patients; e.p.c., epilepsia partialis continua; ICU, intensive care unit; IV, intravenous; Ig, immunoglobulin; PEX, plasma exchange.
Responsive SE indicates a response to first- and second-line antiepileptic drugs; refractory SE indicates patients who fail to respond to antiepileptic drugs requiring third-line agents (propofol, barbiturate anesthesia). Super-refractory SE indicates cases in which seizures recurred after one cycle of anesthetic treatment.