Spatial and temporal distribution of H5 clade 2.3.4.4 influenza A virus outbreaks among wild birds and poultry across North America. A) Spatial distribution of H5 clade 2.3.4.4 influenza A virus outbreaks in wild birds (triangles) and poultry (circles) across North America, color-coded by subtype, relative to poultry density. The location of mallards from Anchorage, Alaska, based on resighting of banded birds, is indicated. B) Temporal distribution of H5 clade 2.3.4.4 influenza A virus detections during the course of the outbreaks relative to the migration of mallards banded in Anchorage.