Table. Characterization of antimicrobial drug resistance according to emm types in Gwangju, South Korea, 2008–2015*.
| Year, antimicrobial drug |
emm type |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| emm1 | emm4 | emm12 | emm28 | Others | Total | |
| 2008 | ||||||
| Tetracycline |
– |
1† |
– |
– |
– |
1† |
| 2009 | ||||||
| Erythromycin | – | – | – | 2 | – | 2 |
| Clindamycin | – | – | – | 2 | – | 2 |
| Tetracycline |
– |
– |
– |
1 |
– |
1 |
| 2010 | ||||||
| Erythromycin | – | – | – | 1 | – | 1 |
| Clindamycin |
– |
– |
– |
1 |
– |
1 |
| 2011 | ||||||
| Erythromycin | – | 1 | – | 1 | 1† | 1/3† |
| Clindamycin | – | 1 | – | 1 | – | 2 |
| Tetracycline |
– |
– |
– |
1 |
– |
1 |
| 2012 | ||||||
| Erythromycin | – | – | – | 1 | – | 1 |
| Clindamycin | – | 1 | – | 1 | – | 2 |
| Tetracycline |
– |
1 |
– |
– |
– |
1 |
| 2013 | ||||||
| Chloramphenicol | 1 | – | – | – | – | 1 |
| Erythromycin | 1 | – | – | 2 | 1† | 1/4† |
| Clindamycin | – | 1 | – | 2 | – | 3 |
| Tetracycline |
– |
1 |
– |
1 |
– |
2 |
| 2014 | ||||||
| Chloramphenicol | – | – | 1† | – | – | 1† |
| Erythromycin | – | – | – | 4 | – | 4 |
| Clindamycin | – | – | – | 4 | – | 4 |
| Tetracycline |
– |
1† |
– |
4 |
– |
1/5† |
| 2015 | ||||||
| Erythromycin | – | – | 1 | 5 | – | 6 |
| Clindamycin | – | – | 1 | 5 | – | 6 |
| Tetracycline |
22/23† |
– |
1 |
2/7† |
5/7† |
29/38† |
| Isolates, % (no./total) | 24.5% (25/102) | 3.2% (8/251) | 10.8% (4/37) | 17.3% (18/104)‡ | 4.3% (9/211) | 9.1% (64/705) |
| p value | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 | |||
*Dashes indicate no isolates were drug resistant. †Intermediate resistance. With fractions, the numerator indicates the number of isolates with intermediate resistance, and the denominator indicates the total number of resistant isolates. ‡Numbers in column do not add up to 18 (the number of isolates) because of multidrug resistance.