Table 1. Baseline Characteristics of Included Participants (n = 91).
| Variables | Intervention Group n = 61 | Control Group n = 30 |
|---|---|---|
| Women/men, n (%) | 60 (98)/1 (2) | 29 (97)/1 (3) |
| Age, y, mean (SD) | 75.7 (5.8) | 75.2 (4.6) |
| Body mass index, kg/m2, mean (SD) | 24.5 (4.0) | 25.4 (4.2) |
| University education, n (%) | 28 (46) | 14 (47) |
| Living alone, n (%) | 36 (59) | 19 (63) |
| Living in apartment, n (%) | 47 (77) | 25 (83) |
| Never or ex-smoker, n (%) | 59 (97) | 29 (97) |
| Experienced a fracture, last 10 y, n (%) | 40 (66) | 14 (47) |
| Experienced a fall, last year, n (%) | 26 (43) | 15 (50) |
| Use walking-aid outdoors, n (%) | 22 (36) | 15 (50) |
| Gait speed, normal, m/s, mean (SD) | 1.15 (0.21) | 1.20 (0.25) |
| Geriatric depression score (0-20), median (IQR) | 3 (2-6) | 2 (1-4) |
| Chronic diseases, n (%) | ||
| Cardiovascular diseasea | 33 (54) | 14 (47) |
| Diabetes | 3 (5) | 0 |
| COPD or asthma | 8 (13) | 5 (17) |
| Stroke | 5 (8) | 1 (3) |
| Health-related quality of life, SF-36, median (IQR) | ||
| Physical component sum | 39.7 (33.0-45.3) | 41.4 (33.0-47.4) |
| Mental component sum | 49.1 (36.2-56.4) | 53.6 (47.2-60.1) |
| Fall-related concerns, median (IQR) | ||
| Falls Efficacy Scale International (16-64) | 26 (24-34) | 27.5 (23-30) |
| LLFDI, mean (SD) | ||
| Advanced lower extremity function | 50.1 (11.5) | 49.7 (13.0) |
| Season of measure, n (%) | ||
| Fall | 30 (49) | 17 (57) |
| Spring | 31 (51) | 13 (43) |
| Physical activity | ||
| Steps, steps/day, mean (SD) | 6209 (2842) | 6313 (3734) |
| <5000 steps/day, n (%) | 23 (38) | 13 (43) |
Abbreviations: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; IQR, interquartile range; LLFDI, Late Life Function and Disability Instrument; SD, standard deviation; SF-36, Short Form-36 health survey.
aCardiovascular disease = hypertension, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, heart failure.