Table 1.
Comparison of baseline characteristics of the MESA participants according to the occurrence of subsequent atrial fibrillation
| Baseline variable | No AF (N = 906) |
AF (N = 77) |
P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 59 ± 9.5 | 67.7 ± 7.6 | < 0.001 | |
| Gender | Female | 530 (58.5%) | 30 (39.0%) | 0.001 |
| Male | 376 (41.5%) | 47 (61.0%) | ||
| Race/Ethnicity | Caucasian | 410 (45.3%) | 41 (53.3%) | 0.26 |
| Chinese- American |
94 (10.4%) | 20 (26%) | ||
| African- American |
190 (21.0%) | 16 (20.8%) | ||
| Hispanic | 212 (23.4%) | 17 (22.1%) | ||
| BMI (Kg/m2) | 28.5 ± 5.7 | 27.7 ± 5.0 | 0.24 | |
| Smoking status | Never | 460 (50.9%) | 31 (40.2%) | 0.19 |
| Former smoker | 308 (34.1%) | 31 (40.3) | ||
| Current smoker | 136 (15.0%) | 15 (19.5%) | ||
| Education status | < High school | 148 (16.4%) | 15 (19.5%) | 0.48 |
| ≥ High school | 756 (83.6%) | 62 (80.5%) | ||
| Health insurance | 819 (90.6%) | 71 (92.2%) | 0.64 | |
| Systolic BP (mm Hg) | 123.3 ± 21.0 | 129.6 ± 20.7 | 0.012 | |
| Diastolic BP (mm Hg) | 71.4 ± 10.3 | 70.9 ± 10.5 | 0.64 | |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 195.4 ± 34.7 | 190.8 ± 39.2 | 0.27 | |
| HDL (mg/dl) | 51.4 ± 14.4 | 48.5 ± 14.5 | 0.093 | |
| Lipid medications | Yes | 115 (12.7%) | 12 (15.6%) | 0.47 |
| Hypertension medications | Yes | 295 (32.6%) | 34 (44.2%) | 0.039 |
| Diabetes mellitus | Yes | 98 (10.8%) | 12 (15.6%) | 0.20 |
| Ln HSP-60 (ng/ml) | 9.60 ± 0.86 | 9.62 ± 0.76 | 0.87 | |
| Ln IL-6 (pg/ml) | 0.12 ± 0.39 | 0.39 ± 0.62 | 0.006 | |
| Ln CRP (ng/ml) | 0.68 ± 1.22 | 0.76 ± 1.27 | 0.59 | |
| Ln NT-proBNP (pg/ml) |
3.73 ± 1.15 | 4.62 ± 1.30 | < 0.001 | |
| FGF-23 (pg/ml) | 38.7 ± 14.2 | 44.2 ± 18.4 | 0.003 |
This table reflects univariate comparison between the two subgroups: “No AF” versus “AF”. BMI: Body mass index (Kg/m2), Systolic and diastolic blood pressure are expressed in mm HG, presence of health insurance is compared between the two subgroups, Log-transformed values of HSP-60, IL-6, CRP and NT-proBNP are used (Ln). Serum levels of FGF-23 are reflected in pg/ml, HDL: High density lipoprotein, IL-6: Interleukin 6, CRP: C-reactive protein, FGF-23: Fibroblast growth factor 23.
P values from ANOVA test for continuous variables and Chi-square for categorical variables.