Table 1.
Tumor incidence in the Helicobacter-infected and uninfected broth SMAD3−/− mice
| Study | SMAD3−/− plus broth |
% Tumor incidence |
SMAD3−/− plus Helicobacter |
Bacteria* | % Tumor incidence |
Time to tumor development |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 0/8 | 0 | 5/9 | Hb; Hh | 56 | 10–22 wk |
| 2a | 0/6 | 0 | 4/6 | Hb; Hb | 66 | 7–26 wk |
| 2b | — | 0 | 4/6 | Hb; Hh | 66 | 23–30 wk |
| 3 | 0/10 | 0 | 5/10 | Hb; Hn | 50† | 5–14 wk |
| 4 | 0/9 | 0 | 2/9 | Hb | 22† | 8–12 wk |
| 5 | NA | 0 | NA | none | 0 | Aging |
| 6 Set 1 | 0/5 | 0 | 0/5 | Hb; Hh | 0 | Inflammation evaluation |
| 6 Set 2 | 0/5 | 0 | 3/5 | Hb; Hh | 60† | 12–14 wk |
NOTE: Studies 1 to 4 contained 11 to 19 SMAD3+/− and SMAD3+/+ mice; no tumors were noted in Helicobacter-infected and broth SMAD3+/− and SMAD3+/+ mice. Study 5 contained 11 SMAD3−/−, 19 SMAD3+/−, and 11 SMAD3+/+ mice. Study 6 contained 30 SMAD3−/−, 31 SMAD3+/−, and 7 SMAD3+/+ mice. Study 7 contained 6 broth ApcMin/+ mice and 6 Hb/Hh-infected ApcMin/+ mice (data not shown).
Abbreviations: Hb, H. bilis; Hh, H. hepaticus; Hn, novel Helicobacter spp.; NA, not available.
Mice were gavaged with 2 × 107 organisms twice within 1 week (study 4) and again 1 week later (studies 1, 3, and 6), and the infection regimen was repeated again 1 month later (studies 2a and 2b).
Does not reflect true incidence because animals were terminated at early time points to obtain tissues.