Table 2.
Adequacy of dietary intake for selected micronutrients at three time points throughout pregnancy of 93 African American women who participated in an observational study between 2008 and 2012
| Nutrient | EARa | Entire pregnancy (n=93) |
Early pregnancy (< 22 weeks) (n = 90) |
Mid-pregnancy (24–29 weeks) (n = 68) |
Late pregnancy (32–37 weeks) (n=67) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Below EAR (%) | Mean (SD) | Below EAR (%) | Mean (SD) | Below EAR (%) | Mean (SD) | Below EAR (%) | Mean (SD) | ||
| Calcium | 800 mg/d | 28 | 967 (235) | 34 | 942 (321) | 24 | 910 (176) | 10 | 1061 (225) |
| Folate | 520 μg/d | 66 | 491 (100) | 76 | 472 (96) | 69 | 492 (96) | 55 | 521 (145) |
| Vitamin D | 400 IU/10 μg/d | 100 | 5.2 (1.4) | 99 | 5.2 (2.1) | 100 | 5.0 (0.9) | 100 | 5.4 (1.6) |
| Iron | 22 mg/d | 89 | 17.2 (3.1) | 91 | 16.9 (3.2) | 99 | 16.8 (2.3) | 87 | 18.1 (3) |
| AIb | Potential inadequate intake (%) | Potential inadequate intake (%) | Potential inadequate intake (%) | Potential inadequate intake (%) | |||||
| Choline | 450 mg/d | 100 | 306.9 (76) | 100 | 318 (68) | 100 | 289 (28) | 100 | 306 (28) |
a
Estimated average requirement (EAR): Estimated average requirement is the average daily nutrient intake level estimated to meet the requirements of half the population of healthy individuals. Inadequate nutrient intake is estimated by the proportion of the population with intakes below the EAR.
b
Adequate intake (AI): Adequate intakes are used to assess adequacy when EARs have not been determined—intake levels above the AI imply a low likelihood of inadequate intake. Intake below AI does not necessarily indicate inadequacy.