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. 2017 Mar 28;8:428. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00428

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Copyright © 2017 Li, Liu, Cai, Shan, Gao, Yang, Han, Wang, Wang and Gao.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Proposed pathway leading to anthocyanin biosynthesis in the flowers of F. hybrida. More delphinidin-derived anthocyanins than cyanidin-derived anthocyanins were detected except pelargonidin-derived anthocyanins, FhDFR1, FhDFR2, and FhDFR3 played crucial roles because of their substrate specificities. Bold arrow indicated confirmed process. Dotted arrow indicated uncertain catalytic reaction. CHS, chalcone synthase; CHI, chalcone isomerase; F3H, flavanone 3- hydroxylase; F3′H, flavonoid 3′- hydroxylase; F3′5′H, flavonoid 3′,5′- hydroxylase; DFR, dihydroflavonol 4- reductase; LDOX, leucoanthocyanidin di-oxygenase; 3GT, flavonoid 3-O-glycosyltransferase; MT, methyltransferase.