Table 1.

Echocardiographic evaluation of left ventricular function in the control, doxorubicin, metformin, and doxorubicin + metformin groups

	Control (n=10)	DOX (n=10)	MET (n=10)	DOX + MET (n=9)
LVEDD, cm # median (25%-75%)	0.57±0.06 0.57 (0.50-0.61)	0.61±0.05 0.63 (0.59-0.64)	0.55±0.09 0.53 (0.49-0.55)	0.55±0.08 0.55 (0.49-0.62)
LVESD, cm	0.33±0.04	0.44±0.04*	0.34±0.08	0.35±0.05
IVSTd, cm	0.12±0.02	0.11±0.01	0.13±0.03	0.12±0.01
IVSTs, cm	0.19±0.01	0.15±0.01*	0.19±0.03	0.20±0.02
EF (%)	77.76±4.95	60.92±9.25*	75.71±6.13	71.62±5.40
FS (%)	41.32±4.47	28.76±6.16*	39.60±5.57	36.03±4.31

DOX - doxorubicin group; MET - metformin group; DOX + MET-doxorubicin + metformin group. EF - ejection fraction; FS - fractional shortening; IVSTs - interventricular septum thickness in systole; IVSTd - interventricular septum thickness in diastole; LVEDD - left ventricle end-diastolic diameter; VESD - left ventricle end-systolic diameter. Data represent mean ± SD. n - number of rats.

^*indicates a significant difference compared to the control group, P<0.05 one-way Variant analysis or

^#the Kruskal-Wallis test