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. 2017 Feb 8;147(4):612–620. doi: 10.3945/jn.116.241919

FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 2

Associations of the Mediterranean diet score with all-cause mortality, according to selected participant characteristics at baseline in the REGARDS cohort (n = 21,423). From the Cox model, only the comparison of the fifth relative to the first quintile of each diet score with all-cause mortality is shown; model covariates included sex, race (black or white), total energy intake (kilocalories per day), BMI [kg/m2, categorized by WHO criteria (58) into underweight, normal, overweight, and obese], physical activity (0, 1–3, or ≥4 exercise sessions/wk), smoking (current, former, or never), annual income (refused, <$20,000, $20,000–$34,000, $35,000–$74,000, or ≥$75,000/y), and hormone replacement therapy use (in women) at baseline in an age-as-time-scale. P-trend was calculated by assigning the median of each diet score quintile to each quintile, and treating this quintile exposure as continuous. Comorbidities include history of any cancer, kidney failure, type II diabetes, stent, heart surgery, aneurysm, or myocardial infarction. Comorbidities: yes (n = 7436; Q1, n = 1791; Q5, n = 1077), no (n = 13,987; Q1, n = 3038; Q5, n = 2500); race: black (n = 7163; Q1, n = 1802; Q5, n = 974), white (n = 14,260; Q1, n = 3027; Q5, n = 2603); sex: male (n = 9457; Q1, n = 2130; Q5, n = 1584), female (n = 11,966; Q1, n = 2699; Q5, n = 1993); age at baseline: ≤65 y (n = 11,663; Q1, n = 2729; Q5, n = 1884), >65 y (n = 9760; Q1, n = 2100; Q5, n = 1693); self-reported health: poor/fair (n = 3435; Q1, n = 1094; Q5, n = 338), good/very good/excellent (n = 17,953; Q1, n = 3724; Q5, n = 3235); BMI: underweight/normal (n = 5480; Q1, n = 1222; Q5, n = 1039), overweight/obese (n = 15,803; Q1, n = 3568; Q5, n = 2523); years of follow-up: ≤6.25 y (n = 10,773; Q1, n = 2611; Q5, n = 1642), >6.25 y (n = 10,649; Q1, n = 2218; Q5, n = 1934); exercise habits: sedentary (n = 6924; Q1, n = 1944; Q5, n = 815), ≥1 session/wk (n = 14,207; Q1, n = 2806; Q5, n = 2730); smoking status: never smoked (n = 9607; Q1, n = 1932; Q5, n = 1797), former smoker (n = 8818; Q1, n = 1813; Q5, n = 1549), current smoker (n = 2916; Q1, n = 1059; Q5, n = 215); region: Southern United States (n = 12,050; Q1, n = 2863; Q5, n = 1848), Western/Midwestern/Eastern United States (n = 9373; Q1, n = 1966; Q5, n = 1729). LN, natural logarithm; Q, quintile; REGARDS, REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke.