TABLE 4.
The association of dietary and supplemental intake of vitamin C and vitamin E with ovarian cancer, African American Cancer Epidemiology Study, 2010–20141
| Intake, mg/d | Cases | Controls | 2 | P-linear3 |
| Vitamin C | ||||
| Dietary | 0.3 | |||
| Q1 (<57.0) | 114 (28.1) | 158 (25.0) | 1.00 Referent | |
| Q2 (57.0–87.1) | 78 (19.2) | 158 (25.0) | 0.67 (0.44, 1.01) | |
| Q3 (87.2–142.1) | 100 (24.6) | 158 (25.0) | 0.82 (0.54, 1.26) | |
| Q4 (>142.1) | 114 (28.1) | 158 (25.0) | 1.05 (0.66, 1.69) | |
| Supplemental | 0.6 | |||
| T1 (nonconsumer) | 159 (39.2) | 221 (35.0) | 1.00 Referent | |
| T2 (0–142.9) | 119 (29.3) | 212 (33.5) | 0.80 (0.58, 1.12) | |
| T3 (>142.9) | 128 (31.5) | 199 (31.5) | 0.85 (0.61, 1.18) | |
| Total | 0.7 | |||
| Q1 (<86.8) | 93 (22.9) | 158 (25.0) | 1.00 Referent | |
| Q2 (86.8–170.8) | 109 (26.8) | 158 (25.0) | 1.22 (0.82, 1.81) | |
| Q3 (170.9–360.0) | 92 (22.7) | 158 (25.0) | 1.02 (0.67, 1.55) | |
| Q4 (>360.0) | 112 (27.6) | 158 (25.0) | 1.15 (0.77, 1.72) | |
| Vitamin E (α-tocopherol) | ||||
| Dietary | 0.7 | |||
| Q1 (<4.1) | 102 (25.1) | 158 (25.0) | 1.00 Referent | |
| Q2 (4.14–6.1) | 105 (25.9) | 158 (25.0) | 1.02 (0.66, 1.57) | |
| Q3 (6.2–9.1) | 99 (24.4) | 158 (25.0) | 0.91 (0.55, 1.52) | |
| Q4 (>9.1) | 100 (24.6) | 158 (25.0) | 0.90 (0.49, 1.67) | |
| Supplemental | 0.7 | |||
| T1 (nonconsumer) | 164 (40.4) | 226 (35.8) | 1.00 Referent | |
| T2 (0 to <13.5) | 125 (30.8) | 232 (36.7) | 0.72 (0.52, 0.99)* | |
| T3 (≥13.5) | 117 (28.8) | 174 (27.5) | 0.86 (0.61, 1.20) | |
| Total | 0.8 | |||
| Q1 (<6.7) | 104 (25.6) | 158 (25.0) | 1.00 Referent | |
| Q2 (6.7–14.8) | 80 (19.7) | 158 (25.0) | 0.69 (0.46, 1.05) | |
| Q3 (14.9–25.8) | 115 (28.3) | 159 (25.2) | 0.99 (0.68, 1.46) | |
| Q4 (>25.8) | 107 (26.4) | 157 (24.8) | 0.91 (0.61, 1.37) |
1
Values are n (%) unless otherwise indicated. Supplement or dietary counterpart as covariate was added when appropriate. *P < 0.05, different from the reference level. Q, quartile; T, tertile.
2
Adjusted for age, region, education, parity, oral contraceptive use, menopause, tubal ligation, family history, BMI, smoking status, total energy, and physical activity.
3
P-linear is for a test of linear trend treating quartile and tertile medians as a continuous variable.