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. 2017 Mar 9;8(3):101. doi: 10.3390/genes8030101

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© 2017 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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PAX4 mechanism of action. The differences observed in the regulation mediated by PAX4 WT and the diabetes linked mutant PAX4R129W has revealed the existence of, at least, two different mechanisms of action for PAX4. The main DBD of PAX4, the PD, is required for the upregulation of genes and pathways implicated in the increased survival of β-cells, while the dedifferentiation of β-cells seems to be independent of this DBD. R129W mutation and predicted SUMOylation sites (S) are indicated in the schematic representation of mouse PAX4 (PAX4 (m)) protein. PD is indicated in purple, HD in blue. Green box indicates the region where the TAD is located and red box the region including the repressor domain.