Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants by study group
| Physical activity N = 818 | Health education N = 817 | |
|---|---|---|
| Age in years, mean (SD) | 78.7 (5.2) | 79.1 (5.2) |
| Female sex, n (%) | 547 (66.9) | 551 (67.4) |
| Race/ethnicity, n (%) | ||
| White, non-Hispanic | 604 (73.8) | 635 (77.7) |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 163 (19.9) | 125 (15.3) |
| Hispanic | 31 (3.8) | 30 (3.7) |
| Other | 20 (2.4) | 27 (3.3) |
| Education beyond high school, n (%) | 544 (66.6) | 550 (67.7) |
| Number of chronic conditions, mean (SD) | 1.6 (1.1) | 1.7 (1.0) |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 573 (70.5) | 578 (71.5) |
| Cardiovascular diseasea, n (%) | 236 (28.9) | 254 (31.1) |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 199 (24.4) | 216 (26.6) |
| Cancer, n (%) | 178 (21.9) | 192 (23.6) |
| Chronic pulmonary disease, n (%) | 130 (16.0) | 123 (15.2) |
| 3MSE score, mean (SD) | 91.5 (5.5) | 91.6 (5.3) |
| SPPB score | ||
| Mean (SD) | 7.4 (1.6) | 7.3 (1.6) |
| <8, n (%) | 353 (43.2) | 378 (46.3) |
Abbreviations: 3MSE Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (0–100 scale), SD standard deviation, SPPB Short Physical Performance Battery
aIncludes the presence of any of the following: self-report of a physician-diagnosed heart attack or myocardial infarction, stroke or brain hemorrhage accompanied by hospitalization, or heart failure; evidence of myocardial infarction based on a baseline electrocardiogram; or ankle brachial index ≤0.9 in either leg