Figure 2.

Targeting AβOs for Alzheimer’s immunotherapy. Left: Potentially therapeutic antibodies from Biogen Idec, Acumen, and Lilly show specificity for different forms of Aβ and Aβ assemblies. The major pathogenic form of Aβ is thought to be oligomeric (Reprinted with Jannis Productions permissions from the “Progress Report on Alzheimer’s Disease 2004-2005” (ed. AB Rodgers), NIH Publication Number: 05-5724. Digital images produced by Stacy Jannis and Rebekah Fredenburg of Jannis Productions.) [73]. Right: Neural damage begins decades before the onset of clinical dementia. Pathology in Aβ and tau are regarded as instigating the neural damage. The timing and inter-relationship of the two pathologies remains under investigation (Reprinted from The Lancet Neurology, v. 9. CR Jack Jr, DS Knopman, WJ Jagust, LM Shaw, PS Aisen, MW Weiner, RC Petersen, and JQ Trojanowski. Hypothetical model of dynamic biomarkers of the Alzheimer’s pathological cascade, pp 119-128, (2010), with permission from Elsevier.) [74].