Table 1. Molecular selection markers for approved anticancer agents.

Target	Cancer	Variation type	Marker	Drug	test
EGFR	Lung cancer	Mutation	Predict benefit to EGFR TKIs	Erlotinib Gefitinib	DNA
ALK	Lung Cancer	Rearrangement	Predict response to ALK-inhibitors	Crizotinib	FISH
ROS	Lung Cancer	Rearrangement	Predict response to TKIs	Crizotinib	FISH
RET	Lung Cancer	Rearrangement	Predict response to TKIs	Vandetanib	FISH
BRAF	Melanoma	Mutation	Predict response to BRAF-inhibitors	Vemurafenib Dabrafenib	DNA
KRAS	CRC	Mutation	Predict lack of response to anti-EGFR antibodies	Panitumumab Cetuximab	DNA
HER2	Breast Cancer Gastric Cancer	Amplification Overexpression	Predict response to anti-HER2 antibodies	Trastuzumab Lapatinib Pertuzumab	FISH, IHC
KIT	GIST	Mutation	Predict response to c-Kit inhibitors	Imatinib	IHC
Estrogen receptor	Breast Cancer	Overexpression	Predict response	Examestane Fulvestrant Letrozole Tamoxifen	IHC
Progesterone receptor	Breast Cancer	Overexpression	Predict response	Examestane Letrozole	IHC