Proactive TDM algorithm of patients with IBD on anti-TNF therapy. aFor relative values of infliximab and adalimumab concentrations at week 14 and week 4, respectively, associated with different therapeutic outcomes, refer to tables 1 and 2. bFor relative values, refer to text and tables 1 and 2. cLow risk for relapse after anti-TNF withdrawal.72
dBased on data from Vaughn et al16 and Drobne et al.37
eTitre depends on the assay used, >8 μg/mL-eq for ELISA23 and >9.1 U/mL for HMSA.11 ADA, antidrug antibody; eq, equivalent; HMSA, homogeneous mobility shift assay; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; IMM, immunomodulators; SCR, sustained clinical remission; TC, trough concentration; TDM, therapeutic drug monitoring; TNF, tumour necrosis factor.