Comparison 4. Beta‐blocker versus renin‐angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitor.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Mortality	3	10828	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.10 [0.98, 1.24]
2 Total stroke	2	9951	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.30 [1.11, 1.53]
3 Total coronary heart disease	2	9951	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.90 [0.76, 1.06]
4 Cardiovascular death	3	10828	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.09 [0.92, 1.29]
5 Total cardiovascular disease	3	10828	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.00 [0.72, 1.38]
5.1 Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors	2	1635	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	0.81 [0.63, 1.04]
5.2 Angiotensin receptor blockers	1	9193	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.16 [1.04, 1.30]
6 Withdrawal due to adverse effects	2	9951	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.41 [1.29, 1.54]