Figure 3. Dynamic Reciprocity.

Cells synthesize ECM proteins and deposit them into the extracellular space. The proteins assemble the matrix, presenting a rich set of topography and modulus cues to the cells. Integrins, syndecans, and other receptors mechanotransduce biophysical cues into the cells. Signaling molecules and the cytoskeleton convey these signals to the nucleus, where they influence cell behavior in many ways, including through changes in the expression of ECM genes and proteins.