Fig 2. Fast and frugal diagnostic algorithm for differentiating Asymptomatic Bacteriuria (ABU) versus Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infections (CAUTI).

Fast and Frugal algorithms follow these three simple rules: 1) Search Rule: Search through cues in a predetermined order. Cue 1: Are there evidence-based symptoms of CAUTI present? Cue 2: Is there a non-urinary cause for these symptoms? 2) Stop Rule: Stop after the first and second cues to discriminate between alternatives (ABU versus CAUTI). 3) Decision Rule (classify the episode accordingly): If the answer to cue 1 is negative then ABU is more likely. If cue 1 is positive but cue 2 is negative, then CAUTI is more likely. The Kicking CAUTI algorithm also contains an explicit corrective for cue 1 to counteract the most common cognitive bias in distinguishing between ABU and CAUTI: "Pyuria is not a symptom of CAUTI and should not be interpreted as an indication for antimicrobial treatment."