Table 1.
Participant, sample, design, outcome measures, QualSyst score and key findings for studies with longitudinal and prospective designs
| Study | Country | Participant age (years) | Sample size | Participant gender | Participant ethnicity | Sample population | Design | Outcome measure | Qual Syst score | Protective factors identified |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ahren, Chiesa, Koupil, Magnusson, Dalman & Goodman (2013) [24] | Sweden | 12 to 23 | 249894 | Mixed (49% female) | Not described | Stockholm Youth Cohort | Prospective cohort study | Cases of ED | 1.000 | Having full siblings (for females only) |
| Allen, Gibson, McLean, Davis & Byrne (2014) [22] | Australia | M = 10.78 SD = 1.72 |
211 | Mixed (54% female) | Not described | Childhood Growth and Development Cohort | Longitudinal design (2 years) | ChEDE, CARES (emotional eating) | 1.000 | Child satisfaction with family life |
| Berge, Maclehose, Loth, Eisenberg, Bucchianeri, Neumark-Sztainer (2013)* [23] | USA | M = 14.4 SD = 2.0 |
2348 | Mixed (53% female) (Separate analyses) | 18.9% White, 29.0% Black, 19.9% Asian, 16.9%Hispanic, 3.7% Native American, 11.6% mixed/other | School students in Project EAT (+parents) | Longitudinal study (2 years) | Dieting/unhealthy or extreme WCBs/binge eating in last year (Yes/No) | .900 | Parent discussions around healthy eating. NOT parent discussions about weight |
| Ferreiro, Seoana & Senra (2012) [34] | Spain | M = 10.84 SD = .78 |
942 | Mixed (49% female) (Separate analyses) | 98.5% White | School students | Longitudinal study (4 years) | ChEAT – Spanish Version | .900 | Social support (feeling loved and supported by family) (boys only) |
| Haines, Gillman, Rifas-Shiman, Field & Austin (2009) ~ [31] | USA | M = 11.9 SD = 1.6 |
13448 | Mixed (56% female) (Separate analyses) | 93% White | Growing Up Today (GUTS) cohort | Longitudinal design (4 years) | Vomiting/use of laxatives/binge eating monthly, dieting weekly (Yes/No) | .900 | Family meals |
| Haines, Kleinman, Rifas-Shiman, Field & Byrn Austin (2010) ~ [32] | USA | 11 – 18 | 10540 | Mixed (57% female) (Separate analyses) | Not described | Growing Up Today (GUTS) cohort | Longitudinal design (4 years) | Vomiting/use of laxatives/binge eating in past year. Overweight | .850 | Family meals |
| Neumark-Sztainer, Eisenberg, Fulkerson, Story & Larson (2008)* [30] | USA | 1/3 M = 12.8 ± 0.8, 2/3 M = 15.8 ± 0.8 |
2516 | Mixed (55% Female) (Separate analyses) | 48.5% White, 19.2% Asian, 19.0% African American, 5.8% Hispanic, 3.5% Native American, 3.9% Mixed/Other |
School students in Project EAT | Longitudinal design (5 years) | Chronic dieting/unhealthy or extreme WCBs/binge eating in the last year (Yes/No) | .950 | Family meals |
| Neumark-Sztainer, Wall, Story & Sherwood, (2009)* [28] | USA | M = 12.7 ± 0.8 | 412 | Mixed (56% female) (Separate analyses) | 45% White, 24% African-American, 16% Hispanic, 6% Asian, 5% Native American, 4% mixed/other | School students in Project EAT identified as overweight | Longitudinal design (5 years) | Extreme WCBs/binge eating in the last year (Yes/No) | .950 | Family meals. Family connectedness |
| Neumark-Sztainer, Wall, Haines, Story, Sherwood & Van der Berg (2007)* [29] | USA | 1/3 M = 12.8 ± 0.8, 2/3 M = 15.8 ± 0.8 |
2380 | Mixed (55% female) (Separate analyses) | 48.5% White, 19.2% Asian, 19.0% African American, 5.8% Hispanic, 3.5% Native American, 3.9% Mixed/Other |
School students in Project EAT | Longitudinal design (5 years) | Extreme WCBs, binge eating in the last year (Yes/No). Overweight. | .850 | Family meals |
| Nicholls & Viner (2009) [25] | UK | 30 | 11211 | Mixed | Not described | 1970 British Cohort Study | Prospective cohort study | Cases of AN | .950 | High maternal BMI. NOT parenting style |
*/#/~ = same participant sample