Expression of MMP-13, TIMP-1, MMP-2, and TIMP-2 by western blot analysis. (a) Band of each test index detected by western blot. (b) The expression of MMP-13 was markedly increased after carvedilol therapy. ∗∗P < 0.05, ∗P < 0.01 versus BDL group for 2 weeks; #P < 0.01 versus BDL group for 4 weeks. (c) TIMP-1 expression was significantly decreased after carvedilol treatment, especially in the CAR-M and CAR-H groups. ∗P < 0.01 versus BDL group for 2 weeks; #P < 0.01 versus BDL group for 4 weeks. (d) MMP-2 expression was significantly decreased after carvedilol treatment for 2 weeks in the CAR-H group, while no obvious changes were found among the BDL, CAR-L, and CAR-M groups. ∗P < 0.01 versus BDL group. The expression of MMP-2 was increased after carvedilol treatment for 4 weeks, especially in the CAR-M and CAR-H groups. #P < 0.01 versus BDL group. (e) TIMP-2 expression was significantly decreased after carvedilol treatment for 2 weeks in the CAR-H group, while no obvious changes were found among the BDL, CAR-L, and CAR-M groups. ∗P < 0.01 versus BDL group. The expression of TIMP-2 was also decreased after carvedilol treatment for 4 weeks. #P < 0.01 versus BDL group.