Table 1.
Vaccination strategies
| Kulasingam 2003 [27] | Sanders 2003 [28] | Goldie 2004 [29] | Taira 2004 [32] | Kulasingam 2007 [39] | |
| Vaccine considered | Bivalent | Bivalent | Bivalent | Bivalent | Bivalent |
| Age of vaccination (y) | 12 (12–19) | 12 (12–15) | 12 (12–15) | 12 | 12 |
| Catch-up | - | - | - | - | - |
| Booster | 0 (1) | 10y (3y-lifetime) | - (Yes) | 10y | - (1) |
| Vaccine price (3 doses) | $200 ($100–$600) | $300 ($100–$500) | $377 ($188–$565) | $300 ($100–$400) | AUS$345 ($300–$450) |
| Coverage | 100% (50–100%) | - | 100% (50–100%) | - | 80% (70–90%) |
| Compliance | 100% | 70% (30–100%) | 100% | - | - |
| Efficacy | 90% (25–100%) | 75% (0–100%) | 90% (50–100%) | 90% (10–90%) | 100% (93–100%) |
| Protection duration (y) | 10 (2–30) | 10 | - | - | Lifetime |
| Waning effect | - | - | No (5,10,15,20y) | Yes (No) | - |
| Herd Immunity | - | - | - | - | Considered in SA |
| Goldhaber-Fiebert 2008 [33] | Kim 2008 [31] | Coupe, de Melker 2009 [35] | Coupe, van Ginkel 2009 [36] | Kim 2009 [30] | |
| Vaccine considered | Bivalent | Bi/Quadrivalent | Bivalent | Bivalent | Bi/Quadrivalent |
| Age of vaccination | 9 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
| Catch-up | In SA | 18,21,26y | - | - | - |
| Booster | - | 10y | - | 30y in SA | - |
| Vaccine price (3 doses) | $402 ($300–$900) | $360 | € 375 | € 375 | $360 |
| Coverage | 25%, 75%, and 100% | 75% | 100% | 85% | - |
| Compliance | - | - | 100% | - | 100% |
| Efficacy | 100% (75%) | 100% | 95% | 95% (85-90-98%) | Infection: ♀ 100%/♂ 85% Disease: ♀ 100%/♂ 90% |
| Protection duration | Lifetime (15y) | Lifetime | Lifetime | Lifetime | Lifetime |
| Waning effect | - | 10 years | 10 or 20 years | - (exponential decrease in efficacy of 50% during each following 20 years 10y, or 5 years) | - |
| Herd Immunity | - (Yes) | - | - | - | Yes |
| Kim, Ortendahl 2009 [34] | Accetta 2010 [38] | Diaz 2010 [43] | Demarteau 2011 [41] | Burger 2012 [42] | |
| Vaccine considered | Bivalent | Bivalent | Bivalent | Bivalent | Quadrivalent |
| Age of vaccination | 35 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 12 |
| Catch-up | - | Yes | - | up to 25y in SA | - |
| Booster | -(Yes) | -(10–20y) | No | - (1) | - |
| Vaccine price (3 doses) | $402 ($250–$750) | € 309.23 (€90) | € 312 (€150–€600) | € 401 (€321–€482) | $489 |
| Coverage | Not clear | 100% | 90% (50–100%) | - | - |
| Compliance | 100% | - | - | - | - |
| Efficacy | 100% (70%) | 75.90% (95%) | 100% (60–100%) | 98% (78–100%) | - |
| Protection duration | Lifetime | - | Lifetime (10y) | - | - |
| Waning effect | -(5–10y) | - | - | -(15–20y) | - |
| Herd Immunity | - | - | - | - | - |
| Coupe 2012 [37] | Tully 2012 [40] | Berkhof 2013 [44] | |||
| Vaccine considered | Bivalent & multivalent | Bivalent | Bivalent | ||
| Age of vaccination | Not Clear | 12 | 12 | ||
| Catch-up | - | 18y in SA | - | ||
| Booster | - | 25y in SA | - | ||
| Vaccine price (3 doses) | - | $270 CAD | $300 | ||
| Coverage | 100% | 80% | 70% | ||
| Compliance | - | - | - | ||
| Efficacy | 95% | >90% | - | ||
| Protection duration | Lifetime | Lifetime | - | ||
| Waning effect | -(Yes) | Considered in SA (unavailable) | - | ||
| Herd Immunity | - | Accounted | - | ||