Table 1. Univariate logistic regression analysis for associations between baseline characteristics and pulmonary tuberculosis in the KARE and HEXA Studies.
| KARE | HEXA | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristicsa | Case | Control | OR (95% CI)b | Pb | Case | Control | OR (95% CI)b | Pb | |
| (N = 467) | (N = 1,313) | (N = 179) | (N = 500) | ||||||
| Male, N (%) | 286 (61.2) | 574 (43.7) | 2.03 (1.64–2.52) | 1.1×10−10c | 104 (58.1) | 124 (24.8) | 4.20 (2.93–6.02) | 5.0×10−15c | |
| Age, N (%) | |||||||||
| < 50 | 216 (46.2) | 799 (60.8) | 1.00 | 67 (37.4) | 302 (60.4) | 1.00 | |||
| 50 ≤ | 251 (53.8) | 514 (39.2) | 1.81 (1.46–2.24) | 5.3×10−8c | 112 (62.6) | 198 (39.6) | 2.55 (1.79–3.62) | 1.8×10−7 | |
| Household income (million won), N (%) | |||||||||
| < 100 | 138 (29.9) | 281 (21.7) | 1.00 | 21 (11.7) | 39 (7.8) | 1.00 | |||
| 100 ≤ | 324 (70.1) | 1,016 (78.3) | 0.65 (0.51–0.82) | 4.0×10−4 | 133 (74.3) | 371 (74.2) | 0.67 (0.38–1.17) | 0.159 | |
| Cigarette smoking, N (%) | |||||||||
| Nonsmoker | 240 (51.8) | 835 (63.8) | 1.00 | 110 (61.5) | 406 (81.2) | 1.00 | |||
| Ex-smoker | 94 (20.3) | 177 (13.5) | 1.85 (1.38–2.47) | 3.0×10−5 | 34 (19.0) | 46 (9.2) | 2.72 (1.67–4.46) | 6.1×10−5 | |
| Current smoker | 129 (27.9) | 296 (22.6) | 1.52 (1.18–1.95) | 0.001 | 34 (19.0) | 46 (9.2) | 2.72 (1.67–4.46) | 6.1×10−5 | |
| Alcohol consumption, N (%) | |||||||||
| Nondrinker | 185 (39.7) | 647 (49.4) | 1.00 | 78 (43.6) | 265 (53.0) | 1.00 | |||
| Ex-drinker | 39 (8.4) | 69 (5.3) | 1.98 (1.29–3.02) | 0.002 | 9 (5.0) | 16 (3.2) | 1.91 (0.81–4.49) | 0.138 | |
| Current drinker | 242 (51.9) | 594 (45.3) | 1.42 (1.14–1.79) | 0.002 | 90 (50.3) | 219 (43.8) | 1.40 (0.98–1.99) | 0.063 | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23.45±0.13 | 24.70±0.08 | 0.86 (0.82–0.89) | 1.3×10−14c,d | 22.94±0.20 | 22.96±0.12 | 0.99 (0.93–1.06) | 0.905c,d | |
| < 25 | 338 (72.4) | 734 (55.9) | 1.00 | 137 (76.5) | 393 (78.6) | 1.00 | |||
| 25–30 | 117 (25.0) | 515 (39.2) | 0.49 (0.39–0.63) | 6.4×10−9 | 41 (22.9) | 101 (20.2) | 1.16 (0.77–1.76) | 0.469 | |
| 30 ≤ | 12 (2.6) | 64 (4.9) | 0.41 (0.22–0.76) | 0.005 | 1 (0.6) | 6 (1.2) | 0.48 (0.06–4.01) | 0.496 | |
| SBP, mmHg | 119.06±0.87 | 116.15±0.44 | 1.01 (1.01–1.02) | 0.001d | 122.80±1.09 | 107.47±0.37 | 1.17 (1.14–1.21) | 4.1×10−27c,d | |
| < 120 | 296 (63.4) | 952 (72.5) | 1.00 | 70 (39.1) | 500 (100) | ||||
| 120–140 | 117 (25.0) | 282 (21.5) | 1.33 (1.04–1.72) | 0.025 | 81 (45.3) | 0 | |||
| 140 ≤ | 54 (11.6) | 79 (6.0) | 2.20 (1.52–3.18) | 3.0×10−5 | 28 (15.6) | 0 | |||
| DBP, mmHg | 79.09±0.56 | 77.20±0.28 | 1.02 (1.01–1.03) | 0.001d | 77.24±0.74 | 67.37±0.29 | 1.20 (1.16–1.25) | 3.4×10−26c,d | |
| < 80 | 329 (70.4) | 1,004 (76.5) | 1.00 | 86 (48.0) | 500 (100) | ||||
| 80–90 | 84 (18.0) | 224 (17.0) | 1.14 (0.86–1.51) | 0.345 | 64 (35.8) | 0 | - | ||
| 90 ≤ | 54 (11.6) | 85 (6.5) | 1.94 (1.35–2.79) | 3.5×10−4 | 29 (16.2) | 0 | |||
| Hb, g/dLe | 13.80±0.06 | 13.52±0.04 | 1.13 (1.05–1.21) | 8.4×10−4d | 14.36±0.14 | 13.47±0.07 | 1.37 (1.23–1.53) | 1.5×10−8d | |
| 13.8–17.2 (12.1–15.1) | 353 (75.6) | 1,022 (77.8) | 1.00 | 148 (82.7) | 410 (82.0) | 1.00 | |||
| < 13.8 (< 12.1) | 110 (23.5) | 282 (21.5) | 1.13 (0.88–1.45) | 0.343 | 20 (11.2) | 73 (14.6) | 0.76 (0.45–1.29) | 0.307 | |
| 17.2 < (15.1 <) | 4 (0.9) | 9 (0.7) | 1.29 (0.39–4.20) | 0.676 | 11 (6.1) | 17 (3.4) | 1.79 (0.82–3.92) | 0.143 | |
| BUN, mg/dL | 14.47±0.17 | 13.97±0.09 | 1.04 (1.01–1.07) | 0.008d | 13.92±0.28 | 13.32±0.16 | 1.05 (0.99–1.10) | 0.060d | |
| ≤ 20 | 428 (91.6) | 1,235 (94.1) | 1.00 | 168 (93.8) | 474 (94.8) | 1.00 | |||
| 20 < | 39 (8.4) | 78 (5.9) | 1.44 (0.97–2.15) | 0.072 | 11 (6.2) | 26 (5.2) | 1.19 (0.58–2.47) | 0.633 | |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index, BUN, blood urea nitrogen; CI, confidence interval; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; Hb, hemoglobin; OR, odds ratio; SBP, systolic blood pressure
a Data are shown as the numbers of subjects (percentage) for discrete and categorical variables and mean ± standard error for continuous variables.
b ORs and P values were estimated from univariate logistic regression analysis.
c The variables remained significant at P value less than 0.05 after backward elimination in a multivariate logistic regression model.
d The ORs, 95% CIs, and P values for the continuous variables were estimated using univariate logistic regression analyses.
e Hemoglobin levels in males (females).