FIG 1 .

Characterization of the skin and microbiota of hands at baseline. (A and B) OTU richness (A) and Bray-Curtis dissimilarity (B) in bacterial community composition in samples from swabs collected immediately before hygiene treatment between samples across subjects versus within subjects, between samples from different sides of hands versus between samples from the same side of hands within subjects, and between samples from different hands versus between samples from the same hand within subjects. Boxplots represent minimum values, first quartiles, medians, third quartiles, maximum values, and outliers. (C and D) Diversity measured as richness of bacterial OTUs (C) and diversity (D) illustrated using nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination showing differences in bacterial community structure observed from swabs, glove-based samples, and anaerobic culture plating of glove-based samples and aerobic culture plating of glove-based samples. (E) Relative percent abundance of genera recovered at baseline by swab, glove-based, aerobic plating, and anaerobic plating. Blue represents lower relative abundances, and red represents higher relative abundances. (F) Baseline results for aerobic and anaerobic bacterial CFU levels and skin pH, hydration, and redness measures. Min, minimum; Max, maximum. n = 50 for all measures.