Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of patients according to SYNTAX score
| Overall (n = 200) | Low-SYNTAX group (<12) (n = 100) | High-SYNTAX group (≥12) (n = 100) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 73 ± 11 | 73 ± 11 | 74 ± 11 | 0.58 |
| Female sex, n (%) | 47 (23.4) | 18 (18.0) | 29 (29.0) | 0.067 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 22.6 ± 4.1 | 23.1 ± 3.9 | 22.2 ± 4.3 | 0.14 |
| Ischemic etiology (%) | 66.7 | 58.3 | 75.6 | 0.001 |
| NYHA functional class ≥III, n (%) | 60 (30.0) | 23 (23.0) | 37 (37.0) | 0.031 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 157 (78.1) | 78 (78.0) | 79 (79.0) | 0.86 |
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 127 (63.2) | 62 (62.0) | 65 (65.0) | 0.66 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 76 (37.8) | 40 (40.0) | 36 (36.0) | 0.56 |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 25 (12.4) | 12 (12.0) | 13 (13.0) | 0.87 |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 56 (28.0) | 34 (34.0) | 22 (22.0) | 0.059 |
| Chronic kidney disease, n (%) | 132 (66.0) | 72 (72.0) | 60 (60.0) | 0.10 |
| Prior stroke, n (%) | 27 (13.5) | 12 (12.0) | 15 (15.0) | 0.68 |
| Hemodialysis, n (%) | 22 (11.0) | 15 (15.0) | 7 (7.0) | 0.11 |
| Peripheral artery disease, n (%) | 37 (18.5) | 17 (17.0) | 20 (20.0) | 0.72 |
| Angiographic data | ||||
| Target coronary lesion | ||||
| Right coronary artery, n (%) | 72 (36.0) | 41 (41.0) | 31 (31.0) | 0.19 |
| Left anterior descending artery, n (%) | 92 (46.0) | 40 (40.0) | 52 (52.0) | 0.12 |
| Left circumflex artery, n (%) | 31 (15.5) | 18 (18.0) | 13 (13.0) | 0.44 |
| Left main trunk, n (%) | 5 (2.5) | 1 (1.0) | 4 (4.0) | 0.37 |
| De novo lesion, n (%) | 170 (67.5) | 83 (83.0) | 87 (87.0) | 0.55 |
| Only POBA | 41 (20.5) | 21 (21.0) | 20 (20.0) | 0.86 |
| Type of implanted stent | ||||
| Drug-eluting stent, n (%) | 135 (67.5) | 69 (69.0) | 66 (66.0) | 0.76 |
| Bare metal stent, n (%) | 24 (12.0) | 10 (10.0) | 14 (14.0) | 0.52 |
| Calcification lesion, n (%) | 73 (36.5) | 32 (32.0) | 41 (41.0) | 0.24 |
| Bifurcation lesion, n (%) | 58 (29.0) | 20 (20.0) | 38 (38.0) | 0.008 |
| Ostial lesion, n (%) | 15 (7.5) | 5 (5.0) | 10 (10.0) | 0.28 |
| Multi-vessel, n (%) | 83 (41.3) | 23 (23.0) | 60 (60.0) | <0.001 |
| SYNTAX score | 13.7 ± 9.5 | 6.4 ± 2.4 | 21.1 ± 8.1 | <0.001 |
| Complete revascularization, n (%) | 123 (61.5) | 72 (72.0) | 51 (51.0) | 0.001 |
| Acute coronary syndrome, n (%) | 61 (30.3) | 27 (27.0) | 34 (34.0) | 0.28 |
| STEMI on admission, n (%) | 38 (19.0) | 10 (10.0) | 28 (28.0) | 0.002 |
| Killip class IV on admission, n (%) | 11 (5.5) | 1 (1.0) | 10 (10.0) | 0.010 |
| Medications at discharge | ||||
| Aspirin, n (%) | 187 (93.5) | 96 (96.0) | 91 (91.0) | 0.21 |
| Thienopyridines, n (%) | 167 (83.5) | 89 (89.0) | 78 (78.0) | 0.049 |
| Warfarin, n (%) | 56 (28.0) | 33 (33.0) | 23 (23.0) | 0.16 |
| ACE-inhibitor/ARB, n (%) | 157 (78.1) | 81 (81.0) | 76 (76.0) | 0.79 |
| Beta-blocker, n (%) | 118 (58.7) | 57 (57.0) | 61 (61.0) | 0.44 |
| Statin, n (%) | 134 (66.7) | 61 (61.0) | 73 (73.0) | 0.053 |
| Insulin user, n (%) | 18 (9.0) | 12 (12.0) | 6 (6.0) | 0.14 |
| Laboratory data | ||||
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 12.7 ± 3.0 | 12.7 ± 2.0 | 12.8 ± 3.9 | 0.84 |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | 99.3 ± 33.8 | 96.0 ± 28.4 | 102.8 ± 38.6 | 0.17 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2 surface area) | 50.3 ± 23.9 | 49.2 ± 22.5 | 51.3 ± 25.4 | 0.53 |
| Hemoglobin A1c (%) | 6.1 ± 1.0 | 6.1 ± 0.9 | 6.1 ± 1.0 | 0.86 |
| BNP (pg/mL) | 304 [133, 733] | 241 [123, 456] | 427 [137, 1021] | 0.067 |
| LV ejection fraction (%) | 49.4 ± 14.7 | 52.6 ± 15.7 | 46.2 ± 13.0 | 0.002 |
Values are number (%), mean ± standard deviation, or median [25th, 75th percentiles]
ACE angiotensin-converting enzyme, ARB angiotensin receptor blocker, BNP B-type natriuretic peptide, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, LDL low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LV left ventricular, MACE major adverse cardiac events (including all-cause death, myocardial infarction, stroke, and hospitalization for heart failure), POBA plain old balloon angioplasty