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. 2017 Mar 30;8:436. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00436

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Copyright © 2017 Liu, Gao, Shan, Gu, Wang, Craft, Mi, Yuan and Chen.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the RIL population for RSA-related traits (in black) and P efficiency related traits. RSA traits were evaluated in three culture systems of paper roll test (A), hydroponics (B), and vermiculite (C) culture. P efficiency related traits (PUE, red; PupE, blue; PutE, green) were evaluated in the field under the conditions of normal-phosphorus (NP, in rectangle) and low-phosphorus (LP, in triangle). PUE, phosphorus use efficiency; PupE, phosphorus uptake efficiency; PutE, phosphorus utilization efficiency.