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. 2017 Jan 12;7(1):7. doi: 10.3390/bios7010007

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© 2017 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Sandwich-type immunoassay with SERS substrate prepared from AuNPs immobilized on the glass slide via 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS) (scheme reprinted from [28]). Primary antibodies were attached to substrate bound golden nanoparticles via 3,3′-dithiobis[6-nitrobenzoic acid]bis(succinimide)ester (DSNB). Exposure of this substrate to the sample results in binding of prostate-specific antigen (PSA). A sandwich immunoassay forms between the immobilized primary antibody, PSA, and a secondary antibody conjugated to the reporter golden nanoparticles. The reporter nanoparticles are coated with Rhodamine 6G (R6G) dye in addition to antibodies. Illumination with laser light provides a strong SERS spectrum of R6G, proving the presence of prostate-specific antigen (PSA).