Table 2.

Incidence data

Author, year	Setting	Population	Case	Control	ART	Follow-up mean/median	Diagnosis of T2DM	Prevalence at baseline n (%)	Prevalence at follow-up n (%)	Cumulative incidence	Incidence proportion	Incidence rate (per 1000 person years)	p Value
Abrahams, 2015	South Africa	103 women Mean age=33.5 Mean BMI=27.9	NA	NA	Stavudine/lamivudine	5.5 years n=94	ADA criteria	1 (1.0)	7 (7.5)	6.5%	5.83%	11	0.07
George, 2009	South Africa	42 black participants, 65% women Mean age=34.4 Mean BMI=22.7	NA	NA	Stavudine/zidovudine	2 years n=42	NCEP cut-off	1 (2.4)	1(2.5)	0.1%	0.001%	5	>0.05
Karamchand, 2016	South Africa	56 298 participants, 64% women Mean age=38.14 Mean BMI=25.95	NA	NA	First line NNRTI regimen containing efavirenz or nevirapine	1.56 years n=56 298	Prescription of anti-diabetic medication	0 (0)	1500 (2.66)	2.66%	2.66%	13	Not reported
Magula, 2014	South Africa	238 participants	n=150 treated	n=88 uninfected	Initiated—tenofovir, lamivu- dine, efavirenz/nevirapine	2 years n=150	WHO criteria	0 (0)	13 (8.66)	8.66%	8.66%	59	Not reported
Ndona, 2012	DRC	102 participants, 51% women, Mean age=43.4 Mean BMI=23.1	n=49 HIV+ treated	n=53 HIV+ untreated	Stavudine + lamivudine, zidovudine + lamivudine + nevirapine, or efavirenz	4 years n=102	WHO criteria	Not stated	5 (4.9)	4.9%	4.9%	10	0.06
Sagna, 2013	Burkino Faso	144 participants, Mean age=37	NA	NA	Not stated (first-line therapy)	3 years n=128	Not stated	Not stated	3 (2.3)	2.3%	2.1%	7	Not reported
Zannou, 2009	Benin	79 participants, 59.5% women Mean age=38 Mean BMI=19.2	NA	NA	All started combination therapy. Lamivudine + stavudine+efavirenz	2 years n=61	WHO criteria	0 (0)	6 (7.6)	7.6%	7.6%	4	Not reported

ADA, American Diabetes Association; ART, antiretroviral therapy; BMI, body mass index; DRC, Democratic Republic of Congo; NCEP, National Cholesterol Education Programme; NNRTI, non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus.