Table 3.

Subgroup analysis based on ethnicity. Permutational analysis of variance using Bray-Curtis dissimilarity matrices

Predictor variable	Univariable			Multivariable
	F-Model	R2	Pr(>F)	F-Model	R2	Pr(>F)
White Caucasians
Breastfeeding	6.52	0.038	0.001	4.18	0.03	0.001
Time since weaning	2.81	0.020	0.007	NA
Age at time of sample collection	2.89	0.017	0.007	2.5	0.015	0.02
Delivery mode	0.98	0.012	0.48	NA
Antibiotics during pregnancy	0.52	0.003	0.86	NA
Antibiotics during labor	2.45	0.016	0.03	NA
Vegetarian status	2.33	0.013	0.02	NA
Gestational diabetes	0.85	0.005	0.52	NA
Time of introduction of solid food	1.12	0.023	0.32	NA
Formula at collection	1.23	0.009	0.26	NA
Formula in the first year	2.51	0.016	0.01	NA
Cow’s milk in the first year	1.29	0.01	0.23	NA
Weight gain in the first year	2.23	0.014	0.04	2.8	0.017	0.01
Birth weight	0.35	0.002	0.95	NA
South Asians
Breastfeeding	8.79	0.047	0.001	8.88	0.047	0.001
Age at time of collection	3.75	0.020	0.003	2.84	0.015	0.008
Time since weaning	5.23	0.030	0.001	NA
Delivery mode	1.10	0.012	0.34	NA
Antibiotics during pregnancy	0.52	0.003	0.85	NA
Antibiotics during labor	2.45	0.016	0.02	NA
Vegetarian status	1.32	0.007	0.22	NA
Gestational diabetes	0.48	0.003	0.88	NA
Years lived in Canada	0.92	0.005	0.46	NA
Time of introduction of solid food	1.35	0.022	0.14	NA
Formula at collection	2.07	0.015	0.05	NA
Formula in the first year	1.95	0.01	0.06	NA
Cow’s milk in the first year	2.24	0.012	0.04	NA
Weight gain in the first year	1.40	0.008	0.19	NA
Birth weight	1.27	0.007	0.24	NA

Permutational analysis of variance using Bray-Curtis dissimilarity matrices

NA not applicable