Table 4.
Subgroup analysis of breastfed and not currently breastfed children at time of collection. Permutational analysis of variance using Bray-Curtis dissimilarity matrices
| F-Model | R2 | Pr(>F) | F-Model | R2 | Pr(>F) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Currently breastfed | ||||||
| Ethnicity | 15.43 | 0.104 | 0.001 | 18.01 | 0.112 | 0.001 |
| Age | 1.78 | 0.014 | 0.13 | 2.43 | 0.015 | 0.02 |
| Delivery mode | 1.06 | 0.015 | 0.38 | NA | ||
| Antibiotics during pregnancy | 1.32 | 0.009 | 0.21 | NA | ||
| Antibiotics during labor | 3.16 | 0.023 | 0.009 | NA | ||
| Vegetarian status | 5.69 | 0.040 | 0.001 | 2.17 | 0.01 | 0.04 |
| Gestational diabetes | 1.05 | 0.007 | 0.36 | NA | ||
| Years lived in Canada | 10.39 | 0.070 | 0.001 | NA | ||
| Time of introduction of solid food | 4.88 | 0.066 | 0.001 | NA | ||
| Formula at collection | 0.72 | 0.007 | 0.65 | NA | ||
| Formula in the first year | 2.81 | 0.02 | 0.009 | NA | ||
| Cow’s milk in the first year | 0.94 | 0.008 | 0.43 | NA | ||
| Weight gain in the first year | 7.26 | 0.05 | 0.001 | 3.55 | 0.02 | 0.008 |
| Birth weight | 2.74 | 0.019 | 0.01 | NA | ||
| Not currently breastfed | ||||||
| Ethnicity | 16.10 | 0.074 | 0.001 | 11.54 | 0.06 | 0.001 |
| Infant age | 2.46 | 0.012 | 0.02 | 2.14 | 0.01 | 0.03 |
| Time since weaning | 3.20 | 0.019 | 0.002 | NA | ||
| Delivery mode | 1.03 | 0.010 | 0.40 | NA | ||
| Antibiotics during pregnancy | 2.10 | 0.010 | 0.049 | NA | ||
| Antibiotics during labor | 1.54 | 0.008 | 0.15 | NA | ||
| Vegetarian status | 3.76 | 0.019 | 0.002 | NA | ||
| Gestational diabetes | 1.27 | 0.006 | 0.22 | NA | ||
| Years in Canada | 12.79 | 0.062 | 0.001 | NA | ||
| Time of introduction of solid food | 2.25 | 0.035 | 0.006 | NA | ||
| Formula at collection | 1.63 | 0.009 | 0.11 | NA | ||
| Formula in the first year | 2.48 | 0.013 | 0.01 | NA | ||
| Cow’s milk in the first year | 0.88 | 0.005 | 0.55 | NA | ||
| Weight gain in the first year | 2.25 | 0.01 | 0.03 | NA | ||
| Birth weight | 2.20 | 0.011 | 0.03 | NA | ||
NA not applicable