Table 1.

Tissue-based protein biomarkers for nCRT response in rectal cancer.

Author (Reference)	Year	Number of Samples	Specimens Collection	Biomarker Name	p-Value
Croner et al. [71]	2016	20	pre-nCRT	PLEC1, HADHA, TKT and TAGLN	Not Reported
Qin et al. [58]	2015	67	pre-nCRT	XRCC2	p < 0.001
Voboril et al. [67]	2016	50	pre-nCRT and post-surgery	NF-κB	Not Significant
Lee et al. [74]	2015	172	pre-nCRT	HSD17B2 and HMGCS2	p < 0.001
Chai et al. [73]	2016	172	pre-nCRT	VNN1	p = 0.001
Chao et al. [72]	2016	46	pre-nCRT	DSG3	p = 0.001
Ho et al. [59]	2016	54	post-surgery	ATM and MRE11	p = 0.011
Cebrian et al. [61]	2016	75	pre-nCRT	PLK1	p = 0.049
Zhu et al. [64]	2016	148	pre-nCRT	GOLPH3	p = 0.026
Yan et al. [60]	2016	105	pre-nCRT	PAF15	Not Reported
Zaanan et al. [70]	2015	96	pre-nCRT	Beclin 1	p = 0.02
del Puerto-Nevado et al. [62]	2016	67	pre-nCRT	VRK1 and VRK2	p = 0.004
Gomez del Pulgar et al. [65]	2016	73	pre-nCRT	FAK	p = 0.007
Ahmed et al. [66]	2016	43	pre-nCRT	FGFR4	p = 0.03
Peng et al. [69]	2016	82	pre-nCRT and post-surgery	APAF-1 and COX-2	p = 0.05
Li et al. [63]	2016	329	pre-nCRT	c-Myc, PCNA and TIMP1	Not Reported
Yu et al. [68]	2016	116	post-surgery	Survivin	Not Reported

Abbreviation: nCRT, neoadjuvant chemoradiation; PLEC1, Plectin-1; HADHA, hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase; TKT, transketolase; TAGLN, transgelin; XRCC2, X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 2; NF-κB, nuclear factor-κB; HSD17B2, 17-β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2; HMGCS2, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A synthase; VNN, vascular non-inflammatory molecule 1; DSG3, desmoglein 3; ATM, ataxia telangiectasia mutated; MRE11, meiotic recombination 11 homolog A; Plk1, polo-like kinase 1; GOLPH3, golgi phosphoprotein 3; Paf15, PCNA-associated factor 1; VRK1 and 2, vaccinia-related kinase 1 and 2; FAK, focal adhesion kinase; FGFR4, fibroblast growth factor receptor 4; APAF-1, apoptotic protease-activating factor 1; COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2; PCNA, proliferating cell nuclear antigen; TIMP1, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1.