AD |
Alzheimer’s disease |
Aβ |
Amyloid-β |
AdipoR |
Adiponectin receptor |
AMPK |
5′ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase |
APN |
Adiponectin |
APP |
Amyloid precursor protein |
APPL1 |
Adaptor protein, phosphotyrosine interacting with PH domain and leucine zipper 1 |
BACE1 |
β-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 |
BBB |
Blood-brain barrier |
CNS |
Central nervous system |
ERK1/2 |
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 |
FAD |
Familial Alzheimer’s disease |
GSK |
Glycogen synthase kinase |
HMW |
High molecular weight |
ICV |
Intracerebroventricular |
IV |
Intravenous |
IDE |
Insulin degrading enzyme |
IL1β |
Interleukin 1β |
IR |
Insulin receptor |
IRS-1 |
Insulin receptor substrate 1 |
JNK |
c-Jun N-terminal kinase |
LMW |
Low molecular weight |
LPS |
Lipopolysaccharide |
MAPK |
Mitogen-activated protein kinases |
MCI |
Mild cognitive impairment |
NFT |
Neurofibrillary tangles |
mTOR |
mammalian target of rapamycin |
NF-κB |
Nuclear factor κ B |
PPARα |
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α |
PPARγ |
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ |
PS |
Presenilin |
SIRT-1 |
NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1 |
T2DM |
Type 2 diabetes mellitus |
TLR4 |
Toll-like receptor 4 |
TNFα |
Tumor necrosis factor α |