Table 3.
The contribution scores of 54 evaluation parameters from different groups of muscadine skins and seeds based on principal components analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) in the 2012 season.
| No. | Compounds | Abbreviation | Skins | Seeds | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group A | Group B | Group C | Group A | Group B | Group C | |||
| 1 | Total phenolic content | TPC | −0.4043 | −1.2307 | 1.4201 | −0.1302 | 0.4540 | −0.2132 |
| 2 | Ellagic acids and precursors | EPs | −4.0271 | 2.4873 | 0.3189 | 2.5816 | 1.8111 | −2.6843 |
| 3 | Ellagic acid derivatives | EDs | −3.0158 | 2.5967 | 0.1427 | 5.5202 | −1.1154 | −0.2678 |
| 4 | Ellagic acid | E | −2.7306 | 1.4526 | 0.2713 | 4.8190 | −1.0040 | −0.2151 |
| 5 | Methyl-ellagic acids (1–3) | Me-Es | −0.1053 | 0.5372 | −0.2334 | 1.3958 | −0.2875 | −0.0571 |
| 6 | Ducheside A | Du-A | −0.0512 | 0.1191 | 0.0386 | 0.9210 | −0.2086 | −0.0345 |
| 7 | Ducheside B | Du-B | 0.1316 | 1.5802 | −1.0522 | 1.0886 | −0.1932 | −0.0910 |
| 8 | Ellagic acid glucoside | E-g | −0.8667 | 0.8782 | −0.0100 | 0.3727 | −0.0648 | −0.0317 |
| 9 | Ellagic acid-dihexoside | E-dig | −0.0232 | 0.0385 | −0.0194 | − | − | − |
| 10 | Ellagic acid glu/diglu | E-g/dig | −1.6530 | 1.4763 | 0.0737 | − | − | − |
| 11 | Ellagitannins | ETs | −1.9865 | 0.2552 | 1.1640 | 1.6039 | −0.2092 | −0.1179 |
| 12 | Methyl brevifolin carboxylate | Me-B-C | −0.9633 | 0.4421 | 0.6616 | 0.8561 | −0.0601 | −0.0858 |
| 13 | HHDP-glucose | H-g | 0.0546 | 0.0342 | −0.1208 | 0.7131 | −0.1203 | −0.0299 |
| 14 | Pedunculagin α/β isomer (Di-HHDP-glucose) | Di-H-g | − | − | − | 0.1157 | −0.0191 | −0.0138 |
| 15 | Mono-/di-HHDP-glucose | Mo/di-H-g | − | − | − | − | − | − |
| 16 | Galloyl-HHDP-glucose (Corilagin, Strictinin) | G-H-g | −0.0325 | 0.1229 | −0.0254 | 0.4223 | −0.0227 | −0.0541 |
| 17 | Galloyl-bis-HHDP-glucose (Casuarinin) | G-diH-g | − | − | − | 0.2189 | −0.0866 | 0.00002 |
| 18 | Galloyl-HHDP-glucose/Galloyl-bis-HHDP-glucose | G-H-g/G-diH-g | − | − | − | 0.4264 | −0.1078 | −0.0077 |
| 19 | HHDP-galloyl-glucose (Isostrictinin) | H-G-g | −0.0325 | 0.1229 | −0.0254 | 0.4223 | −0.0227 | −0.0541 |
| 20 | Tellimagrain I (Digalloyl-HHDP-glucose) | DiG-H-g | −0.0307 | 0.0334 | 0.0139 | 0.8165 | −0.0951 | −0.0365 |
| 21 | Tellimagrain II (Trigalloyl-HHDP-glucose) | TriG-H-g | − | − | − | 0.1536 | 0.0236 | −0.0365 |
| 22 | Precursors (Gallic acid derivatives) | GDs | −0.4620 | 0.9006 | −0.1423 | 0.5890 | 2.7441 | −2.3172 |
| 23 | Gallic acid | G | 0.0934 | 0.0532 | −0.1932 | 0.5468 | 0.3028 | −0.3943 |
| 24 | Methyl gallate | Me-G | −0.6455 | 0.6317 | 0.0035 | −0.1558 | −0.0158 | 0.0232 |
| 25 | Mono-O-galloyl-glucose | Mo-G-g | −0.0028 | 0.0315 | −0.0143 | 0.0113 | 0.0393 | −0.0362 |
| 26 | Di-O-galloyl-glucose | Di-G-g | 0.0170 | 0.2667 | −0.1653 | −0.0016 | 0.0059 | −0.0037 |
| 27 | Tri-O-galloyl-glucose | Tri-G-g | 0.0035 | 0.0996 | −0.0766 | 0.1246 | 0.0980 | −0.1513 |
| 28 | Tetra-O-galloyl-glucose | Tetra-G-g | − | − | − | 0.1164 | 0.5409 | −0.4237 |
| 29 | Penta-O-galloyl-glucose | Penta-G-g | − | − | − | 0.5180 | 2.7015 | −2.0699 |
| 30 | Galloyl-glucoses (1–5) | G-gs | 0.0137 | 0.2838 | −0.1641 | 0.5533 | 2.7601 | −2.1336 |
| 31 | Flavonols | Fla | −0.5623 | 1.0174 | 0.0858 | −0.0143 | 0.0376 | −0.0142 |
| 32 | Myricetin derivatives | MDs | 0.0022 | 1.0660 | −0.7312 | 0.2699 | −0.0538 | −0.0153 |
| 33 | Quercetin derivatives | QDs | −0.3407 | −0.3765 | 1.1126 | −0.0641 | 0.0734 | −0.0118 |
| 34 | Kaempferol derivatives | KDs | −0.2456 | −0.0330 | 0.2954 | −0.0013 | −0.0213 | 0.0107 |
| 35 | Isorhamnetin derivatives | IDs | −0.0266 | −0.0245 | 0.3417 | 0.0296 | 0.0184 | −0.0067 |
| 36 | Laricitrin derivatives | LDs | −0.1156 | −0.1750 | 0.4492 | 0.0073 | −0.0007 | −0.0028 |
| 37 | Syringetin derivatives | SDs | 0.0174 | 0.5389 | −0.3337 | − | − | − |
| 38 | 4'-substituted flavonol | 4'-s | −0.2456 | −0.0330 | 0.2954 | −0.0013 | −0.0213 | 0.0107 |
| 39 | 3'4'-substituted flavonol | 3'4'-s | −0.3238 | −0.3563 | 1.1856 | −0.0317 | 0.0497 | −0.0140 |
| 40 | 3'4'5'-substituted flavonol | 3'4'5'-s | −0.0401 | 2.3605 | −1.1655 | 0.2033 | −0.0183 | −0.0211 |
| 41 | Flavonol aglycone | Agl | −0.0720 | 0.2056 | 0.0156 | −0.0351 | 0.0521 | −0.0141 |
| 42 | Flavonol monoglucoside | Mog | −0.6273 | −0.1335 | 0.7024 | 0.1012 | −0.0196 | −0.0228 |
| 43 | Flavonol diglucoside | Dig | −0.1058 | −0.2083 | 0.6461 | − | − | − |
| 44 | Flavonol acylation | Acy | −0.2102 | −0.4368 | 0.9267 | −0.0109 | −0.0100 | 0.0072 |
| 45 | Benzoic acids | BAs | −0.5820 | 0.5540 | 0.2280 | 0.0510 | 0.0038 | −0.0110 |
| 46 | Flavan-3-ols | Fla-3-o | −0.0175 | 0.0228 | −0.0020 | −3.6329 | 0.7254 | 0.1494 |
| 47 | Flavan-3-ol monomer | Mo | −0.0021 | −0.0014 | 0.0037 | −2.7396 | 0.3694 | 0.1878 |
| 48 | Flavan-3-ol glycate | Gly | − | − | − | −0.2402 | 0.1468 | −0.0084 |
| 49 | Flavan-3-ol gallate | Gal | −0.0077 | 0.1030 | −0.0425 | −1.5488 | 0.4488 | 0.0222 |
| 50 | Flavan-3-ol dimer | Di | − | − | − | −0.4692 | 0.1855 | −0.00004 |
| 51 | Flavan-3-ol trimer | Tri | − | − | − | −0.2596 | 0.0910 | 0.0051 |
| 52 | Flavan-3-ol monomer/gallate | Mo/Gal | −0.0103 | 0.1002 | −0.0349 | −0.2456 | 0.0016 | 0.0313 |
| 53 | Stilbenes | Sti | −0.0164 | −0.0003 | 0.0271 | − | − | − |
| 54 | Cinnamic acids | CAs | 0.0181 | 0.1248 | −0.0987 | − | − | − |
The score contribution is described as group-average weight of first three principal components (PCs) for skins and first two PCs for seeds. −: no contribution. In bold, compounds with absolute value of contribution score >1.