Figure 2.

Expression of genes associated with chloroplast differentiation in intact and detached roots. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of mRNA expression is shown for genes associated with photosynthesis (A), nuclear transcription (B), plastid transcription (C), mitochondrial and peroxisomal functions (D), and root tissues (E) in roots of the wild type and the arr1 arr12 double mutant. Data are means ± se fold difference from the untreated wild type after normalizing to ACTIN8 (n > 3). The sample preparation was as in Figure 1. Different letters indicate significant differences for each gene (P < 0.05, Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison test).