Box 1.

Risk factors for insulin resistance in reproductive age women.

1. Greater than 40 years of age 2. Two BMI > 35 3. First-degree relative with a diagnosis of DM 4. Black Caribbean, Pacific Islander, Native American, Mexican American, Latino 5. History of GDM or delivery of an infant weighing >9 lbs 6. Sedentary lifestyle 7. Hypertension >140/>90 8. HDL < 35 mg/mg/dL 9. Fasting triglyceride >250 mg/dL 10. Acanthosis nigricans 11. PCOS 12. Depression 13. Obstructive sleep apnea

BMI: body mass index; DM: diabetes mellitus; GDM: gestational diabetes mellitus; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; PCOS: polycystic ovary syndrome.