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Haemostatic changes in pregnancy.
| Anticoagulation/fibrinolysis | Procoagulation |
|---|---|
| Protein S ↓ | Prothrombin (Factor II) ↑ |
| Activated protein C ↓ in third trimester | Factor V ↑ |
| Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 ↓ | Factor VII ↑ |
| Factor VIII ↑ | |
| Factor IX ↑ | |
| Factor X ↑ | |
| Fibrinogen ↑ | |
| D-dimer ↑ | |
| Systemic platelet activation ↑ in late pregnancy |
