Table 1. General characteristics of the study population.
| T2DM (N = 50) | Controls (N = 50) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Males, n (%) | 27 (54) | 25 (50) | .84 |
| Age, years | 59.1 ± 7.5 | 57.5 ± 8.7 | .15 |
| T2DM duration, years | 9.9 ± 6.8 | N.A. | N.A. |
| BMI, Kg/m2 | 28.9 ± 4.7 | 26.9 ± 3.7 | .001 |
| BMI ≥ 30 Kg/m2, n (%) | 17 (34) | 13 (26) | .51 |
| sBP, mmHg | 129.6 ± 15.4 | 130.5 ± 16.0 | .68 |
| dBP, mmHg | 80.0 ± 10.8 | 82.0 ± 9.1 | .15 |
| High blood pressure, n (%) | 29 (58) | 19 (38) | .07 |
| Diabetic retinopathy, n (%) | 20 (40) | N.A. | N.A. |
| Macrovascular disease, n (%) | 20 (40) | N.A. | N.A. |
| Mean fasting glucose, mg/dL | 139.9 ± 38.7 | N.A. | N.A. |
| Mean A1c, % | 7.2 ± 1.3 | N.A. | N.A. |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 173.4 ± 37.1 | N.A. | N.A. |
| HDL-cholesterol, mg/dL | 52.7 ± 13.6 | N.A. | N.A. |
| LDL-cholesterol, mg/dL | 101.5 ± 35.6 | N.A. | N.A. |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 116.0 ± 53.8 | N.A. | N.A. |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.91 ± 0.21 | N.A. | N.A. |
| eGFR, mL/min | 80.9 ± 18.8 | N.A. | N.A. |
| eGFR ≤ 90 mL/min,n (%) | 31 (62) | N.A. | N.A. |
| Uric acid, mg/dL | 5.2 ± 1.3 | N.A. | N.A. |
|
Current treatment • MNT, n (%) • OADs, n (%) • Insulin, n (%) • Statin, n (%) |
5 (10) 42 (84) 3 (6) 36 (72) |
N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. |
N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. |
Legend:T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; BMI, body mass index; sBP, systolic blood pressure; dBP, diastolic blood pressure; A1c, glycated hemoglobin; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; MNT, medical nutrition therapy; OAD, oral anti-diabetic medications; N.A., not available. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation, median (25th– 75th percentile), or number (percentage) as appropriate