Table 2.

Summary of hierarchical regression analysis for variables predicting left hippocampal volume

	Model 1				Model 2				Model 3
Variable	B	SE(B)	β	p value	B	SE(B)	β	p value	B	SE(B)	β	p value
Age	−5.14	3.62	−0.12	0.16	−5.74	3.59	−0.13	0.11	−6.17	3.54	−0.14	0.09
Handedness	211.6	82	0.22	0.011	241.8	82.63	0.25	0.004	238.9	81.34	0.24	0.004
Depression	−74.13	46.96	−0.13	0.12	−57.71	47.54	−0.10	0.23	−74.98	47.38	−0.13	0.12
Substance use	56.22	64.51	0.08	0.39	59.4	65.33	0.08	0.37	83.17	65.12	0.11	0.20
Possible TBI	10.43	61.5	0.01	0.87	33.89	63.16	0.05	0.59	45.50	62.37	0.06	0.47
PTSD symptoms	—	—	—	—	−1.68	1.17	−0.13	0.15	−4.93	1.81	−0.39	0.007
Val/Met	—	—	—	—	−74.34	39.87	−0.15	0.06	−213.6	71.51	−0.44	0.003
PTSD × Val/Met	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	3.31	1.42	0.41	0.021
R2	—	0.07	—	—	—	0.10	—	—	—	0.14	—	—
F for Δ R2	—	2.08	—	—	—	2.49	—	—	—	5.43	—	—

PTSD = posttraumatic stress disorder; SE = standard error; TBI = traumatic brain injury.