Table 3.
Costs comparisons among migraineurs with N/V vs without N/V, adjusting for covariates
| Costs | Migraineurs
|
*p-value | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| With N/V (n=4,528)
|
Without N/V (n=3,327)
|
||||||||
| Mean | SE | LCL | UCL | Mean | SE | LCL | UCL | ||
| Direct costs | |||||||||
| HCP costs | 10,784 | 459 | 9,921 | 11,722 | 10,185 | 431 | 9,375 | 11,065 | 0.083 |
| ER costs | 1,499 | 139 | 1,249 | 1,798 | 1,187 | 112 | 986 | 1,427 | 0.002 |
| Hospitalization costs | 6,132 | 801 | 4,747 | 7,921 | 5,728 | 777 | 4,390 | 7,473 | 0.512 |
| Total | 19,662 | 1,021 | 17,759 | 21,769 | 18,398 | 966 | 16,598 | 20,393 | 0.103 |
| Indirect costs | |||||||||
| Absenteeism | 2,290 | 365 | 1,676 | 3,130 | 1,791 | 293 | 1,299 | 2,469 | 0.046 |
| Presenteeism | 7,954 | 482 | 7,063 | 8,956 | 7,235 | 429 | 6,442 | 8,126 | 0.040 |
| Total | 10,344 | 650 | 9,146 | 11,699 | 9,218 | 573 | 8,160 | 10,412 | 0.016 |
| Total costs | 25,644 | 1,147 | 23,491 | 27,995 | 23,831 | 1,073 | 21,819 | 26,029 | 0.037 |
Note: Covariates included: age, gender, ethnicity, education, income, BMI, CCI, exercise, smoking, and alcohol use
*
p-value represents comparison of with N/V vs without N/V.
Abbreviations: N/V, nausea/vomiting; HCP, health care provider; ER, emergency room; SE, standard error; LCL, lower confidence interval; UCL, upper confidence interval; BMI, body mass index; CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index.