Table 3.
Sociodemographic factors and risk of musculoskeletal pain among of the study population (n=632).
| Total | Neck pain | Shoulder pain | Lower back pain | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % | OR 1 (95% CI) | OR 2 (95% CI) | % | OR 1 (95% CI) | OR 2 (95% CI) | % | OR 1 (95% CI) | OR 2 (95% CI) | ||||
| OR 1=ORs based on unadjusted (univariate) binary logistic regression. OR 2=ORs based on adjusted (multivariate) binary logistic regression. Significant factors on multivariate analysis are shown in bold. † P for trend. | ||||||||||||
| Gender | ||||||||||||
| Male | 260 | 55.4 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 35.4 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 56.2 | 1.00 | |||
| Female | 372 | 59.7 | 1.19 (1.08-1.30) | 1.91 (1.25-2.93) | 44.1 | 1.44 (1.03-1.99) | 1.82 (1.10-3.02) | 48.4 | 0.73 (0.53-1.00) | |||
| Age (years) | ||||||||||||
| 18-29 | 256 | 42.6 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 23.8 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 39.1 | 1.00 | |||
| 30-44 | 249 | 63.5 | 2.34 (1.63-3.34) | 1.73 (1.14-2.64) | 42.6 | 2.37 (1.61-3.47) | 1.65 (1.04-2.61) | 57.4 | 2.10 (1.47-3.00) | |||
| >44 | 127 | 78.0 | 4.76 (2.92-7.76) | 2.31 (1.15-4.62) | 70.1 | 7.48 (4.65-12.05) | 3.88 (2.13-7.07) | 65.4 | 2.94 (1.88-4.58) | |||
| Ptrend† | 0.001 | 0.014 | 0.001 | 0.001 | ||||||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | ||||||||||||
| <21 | 131 | 49.6 | 1.00 | 22.1 | 1.00 | 51.1 | 1.00 | |||||
| 21-25 | 209 | 57.4 | 1.36 (0.88-2.12) | 42.1 | 2.55 (1.55-4.19) | 47.8 | 0.87 (0.56-1.35) | |||||
| >25 | 292 | 62.0 | 1.65 (1.09-2.51) | 47.6 | 3.19 (1.99-5.12) | 54.5 | 1.14 (0.75-1.72) | |||||
| Marital status | ||||||||||||
| Single | 223 | 40.8 | 1.00 | 30.6 | 1.00 | 40.8 | 1.00 | |||||
| Married | 409 | 67.2 | 2.97 (2.12-4.17) | 46.0 | 1.93 (1.37-2.73) | 57.5 | 1.95 (1.40-2.72) | |||||
| Educational level | ||||||||||||
| Illiterate | 130 | 73.1 | 1.00 | 72.3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 56.9 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| Primary school | 221 | 59.7 | 0.54 (0.34-0.87) | 38.5 | 0.23 (0.15-0.38) | 0.39 (0.22-0.67) | 59.7 | 1.12 (0.72-1.74) | 1.55 (0.93-2.57) | |||
| Secondary school | 200 | 49.0 | 0.35 (0.22-0.57) | 24.0 | 0.12 (0.07-0.20) | 0.24 (0.13-0.45) | 46.5 | 0.65 (0.42-1.02) | 1.25 (0.72-2.17) | |||
| Diploma | 81 | 50.6 | 0.37 (0.21-0.67) | 35.8 | 0.21 (0.11-0.38) | 0.30 (0.15-0.62) | 33.3 | 0.37 (0.21-0.67) | 0.42 (0.22-0.82) | |||
| Ptrend† | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | ||||||||
| Regular sport/physical activity | ||||||||||||
| No | 459 | 60.1 | 1.00 | 44.4 | 0.53 (0.37-0.78) | 53.4 | 1.00 | |||||
| Yes | 173 | 52.0 | 0.71 (0.50-1.02) | 30.1 | 46.8 | 0.76 (0.54-1.09) | ||||||
| Smoking | ||||||||||||
| No | 547 | 55.8 | 1.00 | 40.0 | 1.00 | 49.5 | 1.00 | |||||
| Yes | 85 | 71.8 | 2.01 (1.22-3.33) | 43.5 | 1.15 (0.72-1.83) | 64.7 | 1.86 (1.16-3.00) | |||||