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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Methods. 2016 Nov 19;116:95–111. doi: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2016.11.010

Table 1.

The list of some popular protein crosslinkers used in antibody immobilization

Cross-linking targets Crosslinker reactive groups Example products Ref
Carboxyl reactive Carbodiimide EDC [45]
DCC
Amine reactive NHS ester BS3 [46]
Imidoester DMP
Aldehyde glutaraldehyde
Sulfhydryl reactive Maleimide [47]
Aldehyde reactive Hydrazide [48]
Alkoxyamine
Photo-reactive Diazirine [49]
Aryl azide
to amine or sulfhydryl Epoxide [50]